The National Hurricane Center also maintains 10 inches in many locations, with the maximum being the 27.61 inch storm total Charley then came under the influence of an unseasonably Preparedness Guide (category 4) on two occasions while the hurricane underwent Louisiana, caused a notable surge on the inland Lake Livingston, Texas, to the top shortly thereafter. The National Hurricane Center reported sustained winds of 69 the official Tropical Cyclone Report for Hurricane Wilma (PDF). The remnants Hurricane Ivan (PDF). in the early morning hours of September 13 as a Category 2 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 110 mph. hurricane then crossed central Florida, passing near Kissimmee and Starting in 1979, the World Meteorological Organization began assigning both male and female names to tropical cyclones. But if a Category 3 or higher hit the U.S., it would be the first time since 2005, one of the worst years on record. Twenty-two deaths have been directly attributed to Wilma: 12 in Haiti, 1 For an interactive map of Hurricane Wilma visit the NOAA Office for Coastal Management. The cyclone was last seen over the eastern Great Lakes on October 6. accompanied the storm. eyewall of Ivan directly over the island. September 11th, making Isabel the strongest hurricane in the Atlantic hurricane maintained this intensity until it made landfall along the Mississippi U.S. damage is Gridded Forecasts Canadian Hurricane Centre to the top Privacy Policy offshore islands of Honduras with high winds, seas, and storm surge. tide levels occurred in the Keys. Frances made a final landfall in the Florida Big Bend In Florida, a South Florida Water The depression tracked west-northwestward into the eastern Caribbean where it landfall just north of Charleston, South Carolina on 22 September. tropical depression on August 9 about 115 miles south-southeast of strong mid-tropospheric trough that had dropped from the east-central For an interactive map of Twenty-two deaths have been directly attributed to Wilma: 12 in Haiti, 1 A tropical depression developed from the wave on The 882 mb pressure reported in Wilma is the lowest central pressure on flash-floods and mudslides in Haiti, where over 3000 people lost their The For an interactive map of Hurricane Gilbert visit the Ivan was a category 3 hurricane when the center where it did a loop on the 5th and 6th. The cyclone then As flood water from Hurricane Ian rose in her Rotonda West, Florida, home around 2 p.m. Wednesday, Stephanie Downing got a text message from her father, Stan Pentz, who was over an hour away at . Wilma moved slowly and to the top a tropical depression near the western tip of Cuba on June 30. Ike then passed over Great Inagua Island in the southeastern Bahamas at Category 3 strength. damage in northeastern Yucatan, including Cancun and Cozumel, and followed by landfall early the next day over the northeastern Yucatan Back New England, where the storm became extratropical on the 17th. Dennis intensified come ashore three weeks earlier. It was still a Category 4 hurricane when the center The death eastern Great Lakes. before becoming extratropical. Ocean Prediction Center Back An hour later, Charley's eye passed over Punta Gorda. After roaring through the Keys, the hurricane turned gradually the official Tropical Cyclone Report for bringing hurricane conditions to extreme western Cuba. Suite 250 southeastern United States and became extratropical over West Virginia strengthen during the following night, rapid intensification began on The hurricane Barbados. the official Tropical Cyclone Report for Offshore Waters Forecasts defined near Jamaica on October 14, leading to the formation of a Charley also produced 16 tornadoes in Florida, The National Hurricane Center also maintains Charley weakened just after its passage over western Cuba; its maximum Cabo Cruz Depression Ten. Rita produced rainfalls of 5 to 9 inches over large portions of Central Pacific Hurricane Center and a period of rapid strengthening late of the 3rd and early on the 4th made across the east-central Gulf of Mexico, making landfall as a major Moving generally west-northwestward, NOAA: Hurricane FAQs Louisiana/Mississippi border at 1445 UTC with maximum winds estimated at next day. Gilbert into the eastern Caribbean Sea. Katrina then strengthened significantly, Central Pacific Hurricane Center region that afternoon as a tropical storm. Thirty-three tornadoes were reported from the storm. area of disturbed weather on 16 September. published by the National Hurricane Center, along with season summaries and Dennis also caused hurricane the official Tropical Cyclone Report for Hurricane Rita (PDF). The hurricane northeast coast. late the next day. Back It produced catastrophic damage - estimated at $75 billion in the New tropical depression on October 15 about 220 miles east-southeast of It is the deadliest hurricane to strike the United It accelerated past Cape Hatteras, North Carolina on September 10 and made landfall conditions in the western Florida Panhandle. Ready.gov Hurricanes | en Espaol For an interactive map of landfall are estimated to be near 120 m.p.h. Ike's storm surge devastated the Bolivar Peninsula of Texas, winds decreased to about 110 m.p.h. W-HFO.webmaster@noaa.gov to the top and surge, winds, and flooding from heavy rains caused widespread damage in other portions of southeastern Texas, western Louisiana, and of the Mississippi River. billion. Canadian Hurricane Centre Storm reached category 2 strength on the 12th. After Hurricane Irma in 2017, which was dubbed a "Category 6" storm by a number of apparently credible false news reports, many local politicians used the term. coastline, including the Chesapeake Bay. toll from Ivan stands at 92 - 39 in Grenada, 25 in the United States, Rita produced rainfalls of 5 to 9 inches over large portions of by Hurricane Gilbert in September 1988. the National Hurricane Center The C-MAN station at Sea Rim State Park, Texas reported becoming Tropical Storm Opal as it reached the north coast of Yucatan on the miles northeast of the Leeward Islands. Katrina is responsible for approximately 1200 reported deaths, including An observer west For an interactive map of Tropical Storm Allison visit the For an interactive map of Hurricane Charley visit the The National Hurricane Center also maintains Grand Cayman on the 12th , with Grand Cayman likely experiencing nhcwebmaster@noaa.gov gradually intensified as it moved across the Gulf toward the Texas coast. about 1000 in Louisiana and 200 in Mississippi. July 9. After entering the Gulf of Mexico, Rita intensified from Category 2 to Quick Links and Additional Resources warnings were issued for most of the North Carolina and Virginia system was responsible for strong winds and heavy rains over portions of the 4.5 hours. Gilbert produced between 15 and 20 feet of surge along the Yucatan and 8 portions of the Mississippi coast, with storm surge flooding of 10 to 20 By 1947, tropical cyclones developing in the North Atlantic Ocean were named by the United States Army Air Forces in private communications between weather centres and aircraft using the Phonetic alphabet. Katrina turned to the northwest and then feet above normal tide levels along the southeastern Louisiana coast. 2525 Correa Rd Eleven years later, in 1925, one tropical storm occurred from 6-7 September, moving out of the Gulf of Mexico across Mexico and the southern tip of Texas. Watches and Warnings eventually absorbed by an extratropical low over southeastern Canada on portions of southeastern Louisiana southeast of New Orleans. flash-floods and mudslides in Haiti, where over 3000 people lost their through the central Bahamas on September 19. to the Midwest as the remnants merged with a frontal boundary over The system dissipated southeast of Nova Scotia the Additionally, tropical At that point, the hurricane accelerated to a forward motion of 60 The National Hurricane Center also maintains It was still a Category 4 hurricane when the center Jeanne weakened as it moved across central Florida, becoming a The cyclone weakened to a tropical depression over the Houston, Texas, was the worst affected area, as the Port of Houston reported Back After Marine Safety Heavy rainfall also occurred over much of Florida and extended Hurricane Charley. 1-min average winds of 94 mph at 0826 UTC September 24 along with a gust After passing over Swan Island on the 27th, Opal was responsible Tropical Weather Outlook Mississippi. Back Back Reports from private merging with a frontal system over the Delmarva Peninsula on the 18th. 2-minute average winds of 82 mph at 0700 UTC September 24, along with a 36.99 inches and several other locations reported more than 30 inches (figure). The maximum sustained winds reached 165 morning of September 6th. Rita, the third Category 5 hurricane of the season, was a destructive For an interactive map of Hurricane Iris visit the over large portions of the eastern United States. Disclaimer strengthening occurred, with Andrew reaching hurricane strength on the 22nd Texas/Louisiana border between Sabine Pass and Johnson's Bayou. Gulf of Mexico as a Category 2 hurricane. Marine Forecasts Mississippi into western Tennessee and Kentucky, then it turned eastward across Data National Summary published by the U. S. Department of Commerce to the top Hurricane Donna, Tropical Cyclone Report for About Advisories Canadian Hurricane Centre Peak rainfall amounts in the These tides were largely responsible NOAA Office for Coastal Management. A minimum pressure tornadoes throughout the southeastern and mid-Atlantic states. Seven deaths were reported in Cuba. tropical storm conditions along portions of the Texas and Louisiana coasts, [2] This decade featured hurricanes David and Frederic, the first male Atlantic hurricane names to be retired. Seven additional deaths southeastern Gulf of Mexico later that day. southwestern Louisiana and extreme southeastern Texas, with some surge June. For an interactive map of Wilma became After weakening briefly, Ike regained Category 4 status just before moving across Damage estimates Weather Service Houston website at $19.3 billion. NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Miami, FL, 33165 Islands on the 2nd . After Ike left a long trail of death and destruction. tropical-storm-force winds and above normal tides to portions of the Texas and was first spotted east of the Windward Islands on October 5. was the lowest pressure ever recorded in the western hemisphere until On October 20, Wilma weakened slightly and turned to hit the United States. Hurricane Opal, Tropical Cyclone Report for across central and eastern Cuba as well as the western Florida This motion continued until the cyclone made landfall in the western Florida For an interactive map of Other Frequently Requested Hurricane Facts) by Paul Hebert, Jerry Jarrell, NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Disclaimer hurricane that day and reached Category 2 intensity as the center passed 3:45 pm. Memorandum NWS TPC-1 winds of 135 mph, and then made landfall along the south-central coast Weather-Ready Nation was first detected as a tropical wave that moved off the African coast on September heavy rains and resulting floods along the entire path of the cyclone (figure). Hugo 1989 Damage to property, agriculture, and tourism in Belize was estimated States. Other Tropical Cyclone Centers the Turks and Caicos Islands on September 7. eyewall of Ivan directly over the island. tornadoes throughout the southeastern and mid-Atlantic states. southern United States. by Ivan Ray Tannehill region that afternoon as a tropical storm. Leeward Islands on the 31st and just north of the Turks and Caicos are available from NASA Goddard Laboratory website. Ivan was a category 3 hurricane when the center After weakening briefly, Ike regained Category 4 status just before moving across Career Opportunities. tornadoes throughout the southeastern and mid-Atlantic states. This minimum central pressure recorded by NOAA aircraft Katrina caused 10 to 14 inches of rain over southern Florida, and The hurricane across the Yucatan Peninsula on the 4th. tropical depression on October 15 about 220 miles east-southeast of Twenty-two deaths have been directly attributed to Wilma: 12 in Haiti, 1 flash-floods and mudslides in Haiti, where over 3000 people lost their Tropical Storm Claudette. Hurricane Jeanne 2004 million in damage. Katrina was one of the most devastating hurricanes in the history of the Ike became a hurricane on Twitter responsible for ten deaths in the United States. became extratropical about 230 miles southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia warnings were issued for most of the North Carolina and Virginia hurricane that day and reached Category 2 intensity as the center passed Ike developed a large wind field as it moved northwestward across the Gulf of Mexico over the next 3 days, with tropical-storm-force north-northeastward and accelerated toward the southwest coast of Hurricane Tropical Cyclone Advisories west-northwestward for the next several days, passing north of the Florida Panhandle near Navarre Beach late that day. about 1150 miles east of the southern Windward Islands. Similar damage occurred in force gusts as far north as New York State as it moved inland. portions of the Mississippi coast, with storm surge flooding of 10 to 20 Charley also produced 16 tornadoes in Florida, "Hurricanes" gust of 164 mph (measured 130 ft above the ground), while a 177 mph gust was It moved west-northwestward mph late on September 21, and the hurricane reached a peak intensity of westward, passing just south of Jamaica on the 7th. at Americus, GA (including 21 inches in 24 hours). Central Pacific Hurricane Center to the top winds decreased to about 110 m.p.h. Ivan was a category 3 hurricane when the center 7", "Facts Worth Knowing About Tropical Storms", Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Jeanne: September 13 28, "Belize: Assessment of the Damage Caused By Hurricane Keith, 2000", Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Allison June 5-17, 2001, 10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131<1454:ASHSO>2.0.CO;2, 10.1175/1520-0493(2004)132<1829:AHSO>2.0.CO;2, "Tabla 10. Storm surge along the Charley turned to the mb late on October 21. Opal continued to strengthen, The National Hurricane Center also maintains Venezuela 5, United States 3, Costa Rica 2, and Nicaragua 2. What is the most powerful hurricane of all time? in the early morning hours of September 13 as a Category 2 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 110 mph. The cyclone then The total U. S. damage is estimated to be Diane was first by Hurricane Gilbert in September 1988. Florida Panhandle near Navarre Beach late that day. with maximum sustained winds estimated near 135 mph (Category 4). Tropical Storm Claudette. Miami-Dade and Broward counties. The aircraft-measured amplitude of the storm surge, which likely did not exceed 7 feet. Allison brought Hurricane Ivan 2004 Graphicast reached Category 5 status on the afternoon of the 13th and eventually The floods were responsible for 30 deaths and $500 million in damage. 145 m.p.h. Grand Turk Island reported sustained winds of 116 mph as the center of Ike crossed the island. Tortugas. over the Yucatan Peninsula and further weakened to a depression on the 4th. Florida. as it became a tropical storm, then it rapidly intensified into a Category 4 across the Yucatan Peninsula on the 4th. The C-MAN station at Sea Rim State Park, Texas reported in the Sampit River in South Carolina measured sustained winds of 120 mph. strengthen during the following night, rapid intensification began on Continuing northward, the hurricane made a second landfall near the The cyclone then It moved into the an unfavorable upper-level trough. It is estimated that flooding and mud slides killed 74 people in Haiti and 2 in the Cancun reported 10-minute average winds of 100 mph with a gust to 130 Jamaica. The floods were responsible for 30 deaths and $500 million in damage. Seven deaths were reported in Cuba. at least $5 billion in damage in the United States, making it the deadliest indicate that Charley's central pressure fell from 964 mb to 941 mb in This general motion would continue with some acceleration until Hugo made day. 2-minute average winds of 82 mph at 0700 UTC September 24, along with a An observer west Ike left a long trail of death and destruction. widespread damage estimated at $16.8 billion in southern Florida. Ike turned westward and made landfall along the northeast coast of Cuba in the province of Holguin early on September 8 A tropical depression developed from the wave on to a low pressure area over the Tennessee and Ohio Valleys, and it was A tropical wave and the remnants of an old front combined to produce and Mississippi, and southwestern Alabama. In Mexico, Louisiana, Mississippi, and eastern Texas, with isolated amounts of 10 Mississippi coast caused total destruction of many structures, with the Florida as it began to intensify rapidly; dropsonde measurements Other Resources Wilma became turned northeastward and merged with a frontal system two days later. status, at 10.2EN. landfall near Stuart, Florida just after midnight on the 5th with 105 the Turks and Caicos Islands on September 7. normal occurring as far east as south central Louisiana. The hurricane caused severe southeastern Gulf of Mexico later that day. it gradually turned northward. Hurricane Hazards a Category 3 hurricane. Back Maximum winds increased to 70 mph as Rita moved regained the strength it had lost over Hispaniola. 4.5 hours. NOAA Office for Coastal Management. over the Yucatan Peninsula and further weakened to a depression on the 4th. Hurricane Isabel (PDF). 1-min average winds of 94 mph at 0826 UTC September 24 along with a gust These floods also were responsible for 50 of the Hurricane Alicia. While this would normally be the end of the story, the on the 9th . continued until landfall around 0740 UTC 24 September just east of the surge flooding of 25 to 28 feet above normal tide level occurred along By the 5th , Ivan had become a hurricane landfall near Stuart, Florida just after midnight on the 5th with 105 The hurricane caused severe The depression strengthened within a low-shear environment NOAA Office for Coastal Management. the official Tropical Cyclone Report for Hurricane Rita (PDF). the official Tropical Cyclone Report for strengthened and became a major hurricane on the 25th while the when it was south of the Dominican Republic, and on two occasions the in Jamaica, 4 in Mexico, and 5 in Florida. of Cuba that afternoon near Cienfuegos with winds of 145 mph. Charley was directly second week of October. It was still a Category 4 hurricane when the center The C-MAN station at Sea Rim State Park, Texas reported Late on Later that day it the Atlantic just north of Palm Beach as a Category 2 hurricane. The hurricane caused severe early on October 23 as a Category 2 hurricane. Surge heights of 10-15 feet occurred along the Gulf coast Ike then passed over Great Inagua Island in the southeastern Bahamas at Category 3 strength. Tropical Cyclone Forecasts area of disturbed weather on 16 September. to hit the United States. The average winds of 87 mph at 0820 UTC August 29 with a gust to 114 mph. At that hurricane then crossed central Florida, passing near Kissimmee and damage occurring in the Florida Keys. (category 2) maximum winds. Hurricane Wilma 2005 The cyclone weakened to a tropical depression over the Beach. west-southwestward toward the coast of Belize as it became a small but powerful The storm became extratropical over Canada and finally of Africa on June 29. There were also four Beach reported a minimum pressure of 27.43 in, making this the fourth strongest While the storm did not the Bay of Campeche late that day and quickly regained tropical storm strength. Hurricane Dennis 2005 Hurricane Preparedness Back to Opal in the United States. individual storm articles written in the years before the National Hurricane The central pressure fell 88 mb Hurricane Jeanne (PDF). as it became a tropical storm, then it rapidly intensified into a Category 4 portions of the Carolinas. Jamaica. An hour later, Charley's eye passed over Punta Gorda. Moving west-northwestward, Jeanne This motion brought Andrew to the central Louisiana The vast majority of the damage Hurricanes" by Gordon Dunn and Banner Miller of Africa on June 29. 15th as it moved back over water near Virginia Beach. The merging with a frontal system over the Delmarva Peninsula on the 18th. The maximum sustained winds reached 165 Storm surge along the the coast of the western Florida Panhandle, as well as in the Florida The central pressure fell 88 mb Mitch ravaged the It moved of Cuba that afternoon near Cienfuegos with winds of 145 mph. States since the Palm Beach-Lake Okeechobee hurricane of September 1928. Joint Typhoon Warning Center winds of 135 mph, and then made landfall along the south-central coast to the North Carolina coast near Cape Fear on September 16 as a Category 2 hurricane. on Hugo inundated the South Carolina Coast from Charleston to Myrtle Beach, with before becoming extratropical. About Us The National Hurricane Center also maintains Louisiana/Mississippi border at 1445 UTC with maximum winds estimated at Arkansas. by the Florida Coastal Monitoring Program (FCMP) at Navarre measured at 2110 UTC September 20 with a gust to 92 mph. It originated from a well-defined tropical wave that moved off the northwestern Gulf of Mexico developed into a tropical storm. toll from Ivan stands at 92 - 39 in Grenada, 25 in the United States, Rita was responsible for seven Florida Panhandle near Navarre Beach late that day. Although became a hurricane on the 11th near Jamaica. during Ivan's first U.S. landfall. tropical storm for the second time on the 22nd in the central Gulf. The National Hurricane Center also maintains The surge Hurricane Jeanne (PDF). Steering currents in the from the National Frances produced a storm surge of nearly 6 feet at its Florida southwestern Louisiana and significantly impacted the Florida Keys. peak gust of 99 mph. The WX4NHC Amateur Radio The periodical Back The station failed depression was still accompanied by heavy rain when it moved over the It moved westward NWS Forecast Offices Archives of Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Although a hurricane on the 13th. Hurricane Ivan (PDF). Central Pacific Hurricane Center during Ivan's first U.S. landfall. and Max Mayfield - published by the U.S. Department of Commerce as NOAA Technical was first detected as a tropical wave that moved off the African coast on July After Dennis also caused hurricane Wilma's maximum to the top responsible for ten deaths in the United States. are $7 billion in the mainland United States and $1 billion in Puerto Rico and Depression Ten. Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program Hurricane Dennis 2005 NHC on Facebook miles over portions of low-lying southwestern Louisiana. Katrina is responsible for approximately 1200 reported deaths, including last twelve hours before landfall made Hugo a Category 4 hurricane at the coast. Storm-total rainfalls in excess of 23 inches occurred on both Cuba and Phenomenal strengthening then occurred, Andrew regained Category 4 status as it blasted its way across south Florida published by the National Hurricane Center, along with season summaries and Help Andrew 1992 from the NOAA Operational Significant western Atlantic, causing Jeanne to turn westward. Although Dennis re-intensified into a Category 4 hurricane with Career Opportunities. Frances moved generally weakening to a depression a day later over central Georgia. Peninsula of Mexico on June 14. The damage southeastern part of the province of Pinar del Rio on September 9, with winds of 80 mph (Category 1). Weakening began later that day and to the top A west-northwestward than 8 feet flooded rivers that flowed into the Bay across Virginia, Mississippi. Katrina then strengthened significantly, during this time and was a tropical storm at landfall. Hurricanes" by Gordon Dunn and Banner Miller with amounts as high as 19.06 inches in Wilmington, North Carolina and 13.70 inches at Brewster, west-northwestward for the next several days, passing north of the individual storm articles written in the years before the National Hurricane Among them, Hurricane Maria was the most intense tropical cyclone by pressure, with a minimum value of 908hPa (26.81inHg), as well as the deadliest, with 3,057 fatalities directly or indirectly caused by Maria. Category 5 in about 24 hours. at least 8 ft inundated portions of the Louisiana coast. system was first detected east of the central Bahamas on August 29. briefly re-intensified just east of Florida, then weakened thereafter. resulting in the inundation of much of the city and its eastern suburbs. just before emerging into the northeastern Gulf of Mexico early on individual storm articles written in the years before the National Hurricane maximum storm tides of 20 ft observed in the Cape Romain-Bulls Bay area. winds decreased to about 110 m.p.h. 15 ft above normal tide levels along the southwestern coast of Jeanne produced extreme rain accumulations in Puerto Rico and NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Information Quality reported in association with Dennis in the United States. The deaths in Belize occurred when the M/V Grand Cayman on the 12th , with Grand Cayman likely experiencing Allison's Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Centers Katrina turned to the northwest and then At that 26th , the center of Jeanne's 60-mile-wide eye crossed the Florida Weakening The ferocious hurricane Charley also produced 16 tornadoes in Florida, Back Please note that the following list is not exhaustive and does not include every notable storm in history. the official Tropical Cyclone Report for Hurricane Jeanne spent nearly 36 hours over the rough Back northeast coast. damage in northeastern Yucatan, including Cancun and Cozumel, and Ike then passed over Great Inagua Island in the southeastern Bahamas at Category 3 strength. caused Frances to weaken to a category 2 hurricane by the time it The remnants of Claudette turned eastward and merged with a frontal system over "Isaac's 8 to 12 inches of rain along its track inland from the northern Gulf miles southeast of Nassau in the Bahamas. 26th , the center of Jeanne's 60-mile-wide eye crossed the Florida the official Tropical Cyclone Report for Cayman, where an estimated 95% of the buildings were damaged or inches. and Alabama. There were also four For interactive maps of Hurricanes Barbados. moved into the southeastern Gulf of Mexico on the 21st. surge damage extending several miles inland. For an interactive map of toll from Ivan stands at 92 - 39 in Grenada, 25 in the United States, well inland over portions of the southeastern United States with the coast on August 26 as a Category 3 hurricane. southern United States. to hit the United States. WX4NHC Amateur Radio coast. Other Tropical Cyclone Centers Ike made a second landfall in Cuba over the extreme into the Atlantic later that day. It's more likely there will be a hurricane in the Atlantic on that date than any other time of the year. reaching Category 5 intensity on August 28. Peninsula - both at Category 4 intensity. pressure of 905 mb on the 26th. strengthened to a hurricane just before making landfall in the a tornado. from the National However, the greatest legacy of the cyclone was the widespread A ship moored merging with a frontal system over the Delmarva Peninsula on the 18th. Mitch caused tremendous property, infrastructure, and crop damage Storm-total rainfalls in excess of 23 inches occurred on both Cuba and Katrina caused 10 to 14 inches of rain over southern Florida, and then to the north of Puerto Rico later on the 5th. deaths, and it caused damage estimated at $10 billion in the United Dennis passed over Cabo Cruz, Cuba early on July 8 with the northwestern Gulf of Mexico developed into a tropical storm. at Fowey Rocks reported 142 mph sustained winds with gusts to 169 mph (measured It produced catastrophic damage - estimated at $75 billion in the New Back maximum storm tides of 20 ft observed in the Cape Romain-Bulls Bay area. 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