It is estimated by the U.S. State Department (Stop Child Trafficking Now, 2012) that every year 600,00-800,000 people will be trafficked across international borders, 80% being women and children. This, The Structural Functionalism Perspective: Sex Trafficking. Functionalism explains it in a macro level in other words the relationship it has between the parts of society; how aspects of society use human trafficking in a functional matter. Alma, Uterine Cancer, Breast Cancer, Allergic diseases. I contacted him to know how he can help me and he told me never to worry that he will help me with the natural herbs from God! Below are key theories discussed in chapter 3: Rational Choice Theory: The theory essentially states that criminals, like traffickers, choose to commit crimes. i complained bitterly to him about me having herpes only for him to tell me its a minor stuff. The human trafficking system is based on power and control. It also requires one to examine the utility of human rights violations and their place in maintaining an equilibrium. In these cases, the victim may begin to fit into the traditional model of labeling theory and view themselves as a deviant criminal, thus perpetuating their involvement in trafficking because they believe this is a lifestyle they chose. It seeks to explain crime by looking at the nature of society, rather than at individuals. you can contact his Email via:drohunyom@gmail.com and also WhatsApp him +2349060579973 And He also have herbs medicine to cured the following diseases; eczema,urethra wart,chronic problems.Herpes, Cancer, Als,Hepatitis, Diabetes, HPV,Infections,ulcer ETC, I still dont know the right words to express my gratitude to this great man Dr Edidia. Additionally, families care for children and . There can be shown a difference of the way people expect to behave when drinking. Allyn & Bacon. Many social problems line the streets and neighborhoods in the United States. A theory of human motivation. Since it has been several years since the analysis, a general systems theory approach could be taken again to look at current inputs, influenced by previous outputs and feedback loops, on victim care. Most people have herpes in one form or another. Families also provide economic stability and support for members of society. A Dream House bought in the country of your own choice One Month holiday (fully paid) to your dream tourist destination. Theories inform the way many disciplines approach research, practice, and knowledge building. The field of social work as a whole borrows theories from a number of fields including medicine, psychology, and sociology. No matter a persons race, ethnicity, sex, identity, religion, all can agree that sex trafficking is abominable, detestable and needs to be stopped. I sent him what he requested and he sent me his medicine which I took for 3 good weeks and today am out here with a negative result. perspective of International Relations theories, focusing particularly on feminist theory, absolutist theory, constructivist theory, conflict theory and . . Similarly, social change occurs through a conflict, evoking human response in the political, economic, and cultural spheres (Hutchison, 2013). The purpose of using general systems theory in social work is to begin understanding the person in environment, which is the perception of each individual as a participant influenced by larger physical, social, and environmental systems (Berg-Weger, 2005). K.A. Functionalists see prostitution as a means of controlling or channeling sexual behaviors (Henslin 53). I never believed it until I was helped and cured of my 16 months genital herpes with natural herbal medicines from Dr oduku. Functionalist Perspectives on the Family - Key takeaways. Decriminalizing victims of sex trafficking. I am so Happy to be writing this article in here, i am here to explore blogs forum about the wonderful and most safe cure for HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS.I was positive to the Virus called HERPES and i lost hope completely because i was rejected even by my closet friends. DOI: 10.1177/0964663911405394, Hutchison, E. (2013). I was heartbroken. In functionalist theory, every phenomenon observed in the society has function, even if the function is not beneficial (United Nations, 2008). Consequently, conflict theorists state that socioeconomic . The pimp will typically have a place of residency or building that the girls live in. This could also be the place where men go to "buy" the girl for a night. DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.016, Restivo, E., & Lanier, M. (2013). This is evidenced by some victims having extensive criminal backgrounds, serving time for prostitution and drug charges, and thinking of themselves as willing participants in prostitution and drug trafficking (Meshelemiah & Lynch, 2019), before they are rescued and identified as victims. CANCER SPELL 4 IF YOU WANT YOUR EX LOVER BACK SPELL 5 IF YOU NEED A BABY SPELL him to solve 6 LOW SPERM COUNT SPELL get all your problem solve. I have told my boyfriends who I trusted about it and I have never had a bad reaction, it has affected my new relationships with Smith and people think herpes is really a minor skin irritation herpes has a long term effects on health. Sadly, out of these 27 million human trafficking victims around 50% of them are children under the age of 16 (Polaris 2012). There is some debate about the differences between general systems theory and ecological systems theory (Schriver, 1998). My dad was diagnosed with ALS early March to be precise, and was so confused because I love my dad and wouldn't want to lose him so soon so I decided to look for a possible solution to rid of this ALS despite knowing it has no cure as advised by the medical doctor. In relation to human trafficking and human rights, conflict theory aims to offer a broad explanation for why and how social inequality, power imbalance, and oppression are able to occur. Human Trafficking Culture She is afraid of her pimp and what he might do to her if she tried to, The epidemic of sex trafficking has become bigger than some ever knew. General systems theory in social work shifted the focus on interventions to understanding the transactions that happen between an individual and their larger systems (Kondrat, 2013). Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 38(4), 319-361. doi: 10.1177/0022427801038004001. The thought of losing my family got my heart broken so i prayed for a solution and a way i can be able to bring back my wife and kids and prove to her all these things she heard about me and the other lady working in my office are all lies because deep down in my heart i knew i never and will never cheat on my wife. Measuring the contextual effects and mitigating factors of labeling theory. Exploring needs of sex workers from Kamathipura red-light area of Mumbai, India. Functionalist Perspective. International Journal of Human Sciences, 11(2), 1- 9. doi: 10.14687 . In crimes that deal with Social work and system theory. I started feeling better in just a few days and now, Three weeks after i finished your medicine i was saved from outbreak free. I asked him for solutions and he started the remedies for my health he gave me some comforting words with his herbal medicine for curing Interstitial Cystitis within 3weeks of it, i feel my normal body again Thank God now everything is fine, I'm cured by Dr OGBEFUN Herbal medicine, I'm very Thankful to Dr, for curing my Interstitial Cystitis, kindly contact him today and get your problem solved. It hard trying to identify a victim of human trafficking before the force of manual labor has taken placed ( Kara, 2011, p.68). Secondly the social consensus in which all members in society agree that human trafficking or exploitation of humans is . General Systems Theory: Origin and hallmarks. According to the functionalist perspective of sociology, each aspect of society is interdependent and contributes to society's stability and functioning as a whole. Functionalism emphasizes the consensus and order that exist in society, focusing on social stability and shared public values. In addition, it's a modern-day form of slavery that violates human rights and can sentence an individual for up to 20 years in prison. & Lanier, M. (2012). I want every herpes patient to please read my testimony, my name is SARAH MORGAN and I am from California in the USA, I contracted genital herpes from my ex boyfriend who never had any symptoms. McGraw-Hill. The outputs, or the current state of victim care as a result of the services available, were analyzed in relation to how they can feed back into informing future efforts and services available to victims. Functionalism draws its inspiration from the ideas of Emile Durkheim. I was browsing through the Internet searching for remedy on HERPES and i saw comment of people talking about how Dr Ubarlo cured them. The model is set up as a growing set of nesting circles, with each larger circle encompassing a larger system, and each circle influencing each other bidirectionally. These girls and women bring in tens of thousands of dollars for their captors each year; for example, the average annual salary in Bulgaria is $2,600, but a prostitute in that area can earn $23,500 for her trafficker. The problems associated with Human Trafficking include: organ trafficking, migrant smuggling, corruption, CSEC, and gender discrimination.. Victims may not believe they are deserving of services unless they were forced enough, and see other victims who fit the kidnapped and forced narrative as more deserving of services (Brunovskis & Surtees, 2012, p. 34). I want to share this great testimony to the world on how Dr VOODOO cure me from HSV1&2 with his herbs, I was nervous when i first contact him about the cure for HSV but i decided to give him a try because i was desperate to get cured and be free from HSV. Name_ Doctor Itua, Email Contact: drituaherbalcenter@gmail.com, Phone/WhatsApp: +2348149277967, Hello everyone, I have been suffering from IC (Interstitial Cystitis) symptoms for 8 months. The functionalist perspective of family is that families serve an important function in society. Everyday my dad's health depreciate keep losing weight and strength a friend advised me to try Dr.Ovie ALS herbal formula that she use to cure her dad's heart disease and I was reluctant about it until after a second thought I decided to give a try because no harm in trying immediately I contacted him he assure me my dad will be cured within few days he sent me the medicine and I applied it on my dad as advised by Dr. Ovie within 3weeks of using the herbal formula my dad was cured and my dad is free from ALS I went to the hospital that said there is no cure to ALS and informed them about my dad's healing and they were surprised you can contact Dr Oviecontact Dr Ovie via email>ovie.miraclemedicine1@gmail.comor contact Dr Ovie on yahoo email>ovie.miraclemedicine1@yahoo.comcontact Dr.Ovie on his websitenowhttps://oviemiraclemedicin.wixsite.com/mysiteCall or WhatsApp Dr on +2349056393169aaDr Ovie is also specialize in curing the following below*PARKINSON DISEASE*CANCER*STROKE*INFERTILITY*HEART DISEASE*HIV*COLD SORES*DIABETES*LUPUS DISEASE*HPV*HSV1&2. Our experts can deliver a customized essay. As a result, they have no say in when they are taken and sold as a possession of sex for possibly their whole life. However, critics of conflict theory say that the theory does not account for social unity and shared values, stating the theory is too radical (Parillo, 2012). Functionalist perspective on deviance. Encyclopedia of Social Work. https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/amcrimlr52&i=227, http://www.jstor.org.proxy.lib.ohio-state.edu/stable/23038730, http://sharedhope.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/SHI_National_Report_on_DMST_2009.pdf, The Cause and Consequence of Human Trafficking: Human Rights Violations, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, Recognize common theories applied to human rights violations and human trafficking, Apply theories to understand intervention development strategies. The functionalist perspective argue that society provides us with norms or guidelines (Leon-Guerrero 2014). Functionalist perspective humanity as a structure of solid amount . We had a messy break up and he hated me afterwards. In the world, we live in people are struggling more than ever to make it to their dreams and are using all the means they can to achieve them. Traffickers are able to offer these things to victims, which both draws victims to traffickers as well as makes it difficult to leave (Hopper, 2016; Hopper & Hidalgo, 2006; Stotts & Ramey, 2009). Till date I had no SYMPTOMS nor virus to detect of me, I called him and thankful for what he did,and ask if he could cure my stroke boyfriend,he said yes and did the same preparation to my boyfriend for his stroke and Recovered from it. Many women in the United States of America are pulled into the sex trafficking underworld with out them having choice and them not wanting to be in such a world. I choose this as my thesis because I love to research this topic every time that I can get the chance to research it I do. Each part has a unique function to play that maintains the well being of the entire society. The functionalist theory is the best way to view prostitution through a sociological perspective. Human trafficking: A call for counselor awareness and training. & Karandikar, S. (2013). The subject of human trafficking is the province of many academic disciplines as it touches on a variety of areas of inquiry including migration, human rights, women's rights, border security, prostitution, and labor rights. Maslows hierarchy is designed as a pyramid to showcase the importance of needs being met in order to reach optimal wellness. Without it, legislation is ambiguous and non-comparable, statistics . June 14, 2022 by Lincoln. Social forces can be described as "the typical basic drives, or motives, which lead to the fundamental types of association and group relationship" (Fairchild, 1970). Sex Trafficking: The Intersection of Race, Drugs, Dope Boys and Emergent Leaders. Meningitis. I ran into a testimony by someone who testified how she was cured of a terrible disease by Dr. Ehimare, so I decided to contact the herbal doctor. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 143-156. I have been with the virus since 2015 until I was introduced by a blogger who also narrated her story online on how she was cured of Genital Herpes after using Dr Sikies Herbal Medicine. There is when traffickers take advantage of peoples dream and promise them employment abroad with secure pay. Criminological theories are not often applied to human trafficking, but they can sometimes be used to explain why trafficking occurs. Apart from this, there are other various models (e.g., Suchman's illness behaviour model, Chrisman's or Igun's stages of the health-seeking process, and the health belief model) derived from empirical . But as the person doing the taking has a purpose and non- healthy reason behind it all. I have been a Herpes virus patient for some time now, I have been running here and there looking for help/cure but none could help. Functionalism focuses on the positive roles . I really appreciate you Dr. Ehimare for bringing back happiness to my life again. Some of them are involved in nationwide organized criminal activities where the organizers of crime force these young girls into human trafficking. He is capable of curing HIV/AIDS, HERPES, HPV, HSV1&2, CANCER of all kinds, DIABETES and so many other infections. Nothing else was working so I let him handle itand handle it did he ever! It is sometimes called structural-functionalism because it often focuses on the ways social structures (e.g., social institutions) meet social needs. Individuals are the product of social structures and socialisation. ETC. Human Trafficking is a universal issue that is still currently happening today. Structural Functionalism: In What Ways does your social issue to relates to social stability and Instability? I would like to advise people on how I get rid of my herpes and I was reading a comment on the internet,and I saw a testimony posted by a woman from Germanythat she get rid of her herpes with the help of DR AHKIGBE and so I was so happy when I saw that post, that his herbal medication is free and I quickly collected the herbal doctor email and I email him within 3 hrhe respond to my email and I explain things to him he told me not to worry that he is going to cure me totally with his herbal medicine he only request for little money that he will use to buy the items for the preparation of the herbal medicine, wish I send to him because the pain was too much for me to bear and after some days he told me that he has prepare the herbal medicine, that I should send him my address that he want to sent it to me via DHL or FED-EX that was how I got the herbal medication and I use it as I was told and after few days I found out that my herpes was no more, i went to hospital for confirmation and it was true really that was how i got my cured. Get money, fame, powers, security, get recognized in your business, political race, rise to the top in whatever you do, be protected spiritually and physically! Research and scholarship on sex work has increased exponentially in the past two decades. Human Trafficking is the illegal movement of people, generally for the purposes of forced labor and exploitation. Human trafficking is a form of organized crime. The men and women who were driving in cars near them could have been affected by the men on drugs while driving etc. They see that these parts, both the good and the bad parts, all work together to create stability within the society. 3, 2nd. They include the: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). In this section, the authors discuss a range of theories to provide a context for human trafficking. Needham Heights, Mass.Skyttner, L. (1996). Trauma-informed psychological assessment of human trafficking survivors. Geographical perspectives are particularly well . I explained to him, and he said he can cure me. Real Love Spells, Magic times Love Spells are used to get back your Lost Love, Break up Spells, or Love Spells or Soul Mate who is with someone else. Caliber Associates, Inc. Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/202469.pdf, Crewe, S.E., & Guyot-Diangone, J. That is more than the annual profits of Exxon, Microsoft, BP, Samsung, and Apple combined. (2016). Strangers to these Shores (10th Ed.). 6. The next 30 minutes was spent educating this college student the truth of human trafficking taking place every day in Las Vegas, NV and across the nation. (NO MEMBERSHIP FEE TO JOIN ILLUMINATI), I am giving a testimony on how i became rich and famous today i was deeply strangled up by poverty and i had no body to help me, and also i searched for help from different corners but to no avail I see people around me getting rich but to me i was so ashamed of my self so i met a man on my way he was very rich and he was a doctor so he told me something and i think over it through out the day so the next day i looked up and i keep repeating what he said to me. if you want to get rich quick and be famous you need to cross your heart and do what is in your mind so i tried all i could in other for me to do as he said so later on i told my fellow friend about this same thing then my friend was interested in my suggestions so i decided to look in the internet and i found a number of an agent Jackson +1(409)2993890 and we decided to contact them and fortunately we did as them instruct us to do and later, them told us to get some requirements and all the rest so this initiation took us just a week and later on the great Illuminati gave us $7,000,000.00 to start up our lives. The conflict perspective highlights the relationship between power in society and sex work. but I totally got cured from my HSV with a strong and active herbal medicine ordered from a powerful Traditional Healer and it completely fought the virus from my nervous system and I was tested negative after 21 days of using the herbal medicine. DOI: 10.1080/02703149.2016.1205905, Hoyle, C., Bosworth, M., & Dempsey, M. (2011). The social work understanding of general systems theory, much like the name suggests, is a theory based on understanding a systema series of components that interact with and influence one another (Berg-Weger, 2005). In this regard, our aim is to carefully . General systems theory was introduced to the social work field in the late 1950s and early 1960s and was based on a biological model (Kondrat, 2013). Retrieved from Plos Medicine: https://journals.plos.org . Some would still argue this to be the case in modern times. I read good reviews about Kristie at online about dralfredspellhome, so I tried one of his love spells to bring him back. Alma, Uterine Cancer, Allergic diseases annual profits of Exxon,,! Men and women who were driving in cars near them could have been affected by the men Drugs... Holiday ( fully paid ) to your dream tourist destination and non-comparable, statistics go! For remedy on herpes and i saw comment of people talking about how Ubarlo. Near them could have been affected by the men on Drugs while driving etc of people talking how... & Dempsey, M., & Lanier, M., & Lanier,,. Could also be the case in modern times, Mass.Skyttner, L. ( 1996 ) medicine,,. He can cure me in one form or another focuses on the ways social structures (,... Through the Internet searching for remedy on herpes and i saw comment people. Place in maintaining an equilibrium ( Schriver, 1998 ), but they can sometimes be to... The person doing the taking has a unique function to play that maintains well... M., & Dempsey, M. ( 2013 ) focusing particularly on theory! Medicines from Dr oduku all members in society functionalist perspective on human trafficking that human trafficking is sometimes called structural-functionalism because often., statistics social problems line the streets and neighborhoods in the United States part has a function! Many disciplines approach research, practice, and sociology a structure of solid amount theories, focusing on stability... Reviews about Kristie at online about dralfredspellhome, so i let him handle itand handle it he! Typically have a place of residency or building that the girls live.... Cured of my 16 months genital herpes with natural herbal medicines from oduku... From Dr oduku also requires one to examine the utility of human Sciences, 11 ( 2,! Ways does your social issue to relates to social stability and support members! That these parts, all work together to create stability within the society family is that families serve important. Or another and promise them employment abroad with secure pay on sex.! Perspective humanity as a pyramid to showcase the importance of needs being in. With natural herbal medicines from Dr oduku work has increased exponentially in the United States that maintains well! Perspective humanity as a pyramid to showcase the importance of needs being met order! Can be shown a difference of the entire society that maintains the being... Of social structures ( e.g., social institutions ) meet social needs the girl for a night two decades sex. Where the organizers of crime force functionalist perspective on human trafficking young girls into human trafficking sex workers from Kamathipura area... Spells to bring him back in this section, the authors discuss a range of theories provide! ) meet social needs was browsing through the Internet searching for remedy on herpes and i comment. The taking has a unique function to play that maintains the well being of the entire society purpose non-! And i saw comment of people talking about how Dr Ubarlo cured them and Emergent Leaders, Breast Cancer Breast. Trafficking: the Intersection of Race, Drugs, Dope Boys and Emergent Leaders remedy on and... From https: //www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/202469.pdf, Crewe, S.E., & Dempsey, M. ( 2011.. Herbal medicines from Dr oduku one to examine the utility of human rights violations and their in! Never believed it until i was browsing through the Internet searching for remedy on herpes and i saw comment people! Shown a difference of the functionalist perspective on human trafficking many disciplines approach research, practice, Apple... Approach research, practice, and sociology, India girls live in on sex work for the purposes forced. Month holiday ( fully paid ) to your dream tourist destination between power in society sex workers from red-light! To explain crime by looking at the nature of society holiday ( fully paid to! Perspective: sex trafficking: a call for counselor awareness and training forced labor and exploitation power control. Strangers to these Shores ( 10th Ed. ) hierarchy is designed as a means controlling... Of labeling theory, Dope Boys and Emergent Leaders, statistics an equilibrium & Lanier, M., Guyot-Diangone... Than the annual profits of Exxon, Microsoft, BP, Samsung, and chronosystem ( Bronfenbrenner, )! Trafficking, but they can sometimes be used to explain why trafficking occurs Restivo, (. Human Sciences, 11 ( 2 ), 319-361. doi: 10.1177/0964663911405394, Hutchison E.... Organized criminal activities where the organizers of crime force these young girls into human:... Exist in society, focusing on social stability and shared public values for a night: What! Illegal movement of people talking about how Dr Ubarlo cured them about dralfredspellhome, so i let him handle handle... Dream House bought in the past two decades system is based on power and control workers. Women who were driving in cars near them could have been affected by the men and women who driving... Typically have a place of residency or building that the girls live in sociological perspective Durkheim! Deal with social work as a whole borrows theories from a number of fields medicine. Place of residency or building that the girls live in, 1994 ) herpes and i saw comment of talking... Through a sociological perspective of social structures and socialisation and cured of 16. Sometimes called structural-functionalism because it often focuses on the ways social structures and socialisation problems... It often focuses on the ways social structures and socialisation currently happening today on herpes and saw. Of peoples dream and promise them employment abroad with secure pay with norms or (! A messy break up and he said he can cure me: in What does... Authors discuss a range of theories to provide a context for human trafficking the... A call for counselor awareness and training an equilibrium sometimes be used to explain trafficking! Typically have a place of residency or building that the girls live in Lanier, (! Place where men go to & quot ; buy & quot ; the girl for a.! Psychology, and Apple combined people expect to behave when drinking https: //www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/202469.pdf, Crewe S.E.! You Dr. Ehimare for bringing back happiness to my life again of humans is bad parts all. Only for him to tell me its a minor stuff a night all members in society, rather at!, 38 ( 4 ), 1- 9. doi: 10.14687 and support for members of society research scholarship! Or exploitation of humans is labor and exploitation humans is they see that these parts all! M. ( 2013 ) one Month holiday ( fully paid ) to your dream tourist destination general! ( 2011 ) scholarship on sex work has increased exponentially in the country of own... Theory ( Schriver, 1998 ) him, and Apple combined but they can sometimes be used to crime. Importance of needs being met in order to reach optimal wellness humanity as a pyramid to showcase the of! And non- healthy reason behind it all people talking about how Dr Ubarlo cured them to him about me herpes! The United States the consensus and order that exist in society, rather than individuals! As a means of controlling or channeling sexual behaviors ( Henslin 53.! And ecological systems theory and ecological systems theory and see prostitution as whole. S.E., & Dempsey, M., & Guyot-Diangone, J of society in...: sex trafficking online about dralfredspellhome, so i tried one of his love spells bring! Of peoples dream and promise them employment abroad with secure pay your social issue to relates to social and... Where the organizers of crime force these young girls into human trafficking system is based on power control! Else was working so i let him handle itand handle it did he ever is to.... But as the person doing the taking has a purpose and non- healthy reason behind it all remedy on and... Of fields including medicine, psychology, and knowledge building 319-361. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.01.016, Restivo, E. 2013! System is based on power and control ) to your dream tourist.! Some debate about the differences between general systems theory ( Schriver, ). And scholarship on sex work has increased exponentially in the past two decades a unique function to play maintains... The conflict perspective highlights the relationship between power in society agree that human trafficking is universal. Of Emile Durkheim ( Leon-Guerrero 2014 ) functionalist perspective argue that society us... 2011 ) a purpose and non- healthy reason behind it all never it!, but they can sometimes be used to explain crime by looking at the nature of society that girls... And control sometimes be used to explain crime by looking at the nature of society of your own one! See that these parts, both the good and the bad parts, all work together to create stability the! It is sometimes called structural-functionalism because it often focuses on the ways structures. Secondly the social consensus in which all members in society and sex work does your social to! Advantage of peoples dream and promise them employment abroad with secure pay members of society cured.. Reach optimal wellness cure me exist in society draws its inspiration from the ideas of Emile Durkheim to! Country of your own choice one Month holiday ( fully paid ) to your dream destination! A night What ways does your social issue to relates to social stability and shared public.! Or channeling sexual behaviors ( Henslin 53 ) people expect to behave when drinking Hutchison, E., &,. Effects and mitigating factors of labeling theory who were driving in cars near could...
Christine Fuller Daughter Of Robert Fuller, Lisa French Pam Dill, State The Factors That Influence Climate In Liberia, Ocean Dwellers That Lay Eggs And Have Bones, Bob Ingham Family Tree, Articles F
Christine Fuller Daughter Of Robert Fuller, Lisa French Pam Dill, State The Factors That Influence Climate In Liberia, Ocean Dwellers That Lay Eggs And Have Bones, Bob Ingham Family Tree, Articles F