It helps the project manager to further predict the effort and time which will be needed to build the project. Software Measurement in Software Engineering By Dinesh Thakur To assess the quality of the engineered product or system and to better understand the models that are created, some measures are used. Establish 2. Title: Software Measurement 1 Software Measurement. developer quality requirements (maintainability, reusability, etc.) Some quality requirements are hard to specify in an unambiguous way directly measurable qualities (e.g . Description, This free online course on Introduction to Software Quality Management will begin by introducing you to the evolution of software quality. Measuring software reliability is a severe problem because we . There is some give and take when using an agile development methodology. How to Measure. Umbrella activities, Software engineering methods rely on a set of basic principles that govern each area of lIEEE/ EIA 12207, Standard for Information Technology - Software Life Cycle Processes, uAddresses the complete software engineering life cycle, from acquisition and supply, through development, to operations and maintenance, uProvides a process framework upon which an organization can build its enterprise-level life cycle processes, length x (fan-in x fan-out) - S. Henry and D. Kafura, "The Evaluation of Software Systems' Structure Using Quantitative Software Metrics," Software Practice and Experience, June 1984. It relates measure in some way. It is based on fundamental software principles, and is therefore suited to all types of software. It differs from hardware reliability in that it reflects the design perfection, rather than manufacturing perfection. And so forth 24 BASIC TERMINOLOGIES 3. A chapter on applications covers software development techniques used in various applications including VisualBasic, Oracle, SQLServer, and CrystalReports. Design Skill (s/w engineer must be familiar with several application domain) Lecture Note: 2 IEEE definition of Software engineering: A systematic, disciplined and quantifiable . It is a set of programs that provide service to other programs to use it effectively, for example, drivers, compilers, operating systems, etc. General information, Status, : Withdrawn, Software Metrics Software Engineering Definitions Measure - quantitative indication of extent, amount, dimension, capacity, or size of some attribute of a product or process. Software Metrics Product vs. process Most metrics are indirect: No way to measure property directly or Final product does not yet exist For predicting, need a model of relationship of predicted variable with other measurable variables. Software Measurement: Lecture 1. Results of the implementation have started to be achieved. . Software Reliability Measurement Techniques. By following the author's clear guidance, readers learn how to master the techniques to produce high-quality, reliable software, regardless of the software system's level of complexity. To understand the difference, let us consider an example. An automated software measurement process ensures delivered results are accurate, objective, and repeatable. Indirect Measures Not easy to measure. Perform the Measurement Process . Communication skill (Verbal , Written, Presentation) 4. Software metrics are valuable for many reasons, including measuring software performance, planning work items, measuring productivity, and many other uses. Reliability metrics are used to quantitatively expressed the reliability of the software product. , SQL Injection!! Measurement The act of determining a measure Metric (IEEE) A quantitative measure of the degree to which a system, component, or process possesses a given attribute Indicator A metric or combination of metrics that provides insight into the software process, a software project, or the product itself 9 fPurpose of Product Metrics Cash Flow Software Reliability is also an important factor affecting system reliability. Software measurement is a titrate impute of a characteristic of a software product or the software process. Once the reverse engineering is done and the appropriate specifications are identified, restructuring is performed . The method was developed by a team of experts and builds on the original functional size measurement . Publisher: NPTEL. According to Pfleeger [1], software measurement is an inseparable part of software development and maintenance. Learn about the types of software projects and life cycle models in project management. ANALYSIS Figure 1 shows the three main categories of metricsproject metrics, process metrics and product metrics. Metrics give you the ability to identify, resolve, and/or curtail risk issues before they surface. Function Points and Software Metrics Presentation provided complimentary by David Longstreet. The requirements engineering process From Software Engineering, 9th edition, Chapter 2, by Ian Sommerville. Pressman, Software Engineering Practitioner's Approach, TMH. A good measurement program is an investment in success by facilitating early detection of problems, and by providing quantitative clarification of critical development issues. Simple and computable. These engineering dry-runs are used to verify correctness and completeness of the test procedures. Some of these are: Lines of Code, Number of entities in ER diagram, The daily meetings make it possible to measure productivity. The base score functions as a continuous measurement for monitoring every aspect of a project. 2. Software reliability and fault-tolerance, software project planning, monitoring, and control. The option of which parameter is to be used depends upon the type of system to which it applies & the requirements of the application domain. Take advantage of more than 20 years of expertise working with measured data and save valuable time. 1. It identifies the activities and tasks that are necessary to successfully identify, define, select, apply and improve measurement within an overall project or organizational measurement structure. Material in this lecture is taken from chapters 1-3 of Software Metrics A Rigorous and Practical Approach (2nd ed. This paper is essentially a manifesto for search-based software engineering. The one resource needed to create reliable software This text offers a comprehensive and integrated approach to software quality engineering. - Number of errors Metric - quantitative measure of degree to which a system, component or process possesses a given attribute. Metrics can be defined as quantitative measures that allow software engineers to identify the efficiency and improve the quality of software process, project, and product. Lines of Code (LOC) Software Metrics are used to measure the quality of the project. You will learn about organizational/team structure, risk management, as . "A handle or guess about a It can be classified into three categories: product metrics, process metrics, and project metrics. Metrics and Models in Software Quality Engineering, Second Edition, is the definitive book on this essential topic of software development.Comprehensive in scope with extensive industry examples, it shows how to measure software quality and use measurements to . Metric is a scale for measurement. Software Maintenance must be performed in order to: The topics covered are the basics of transducers and the measurement of force, torque, strain, temperature, and pressure. UCLA Computer Science Department ; CS130 ; Winter, 2002; 2 Reference. A Metric is a quantitative measure of the degree to which a system, system component, or process possesses a given attribute. 2. The main purpose of software maintenance is to modify and update software applications after delivery to correct faults and to improve performance. For example, LOC, Effort, Cost etc. Controlling 1.4. RAJIB MALL Professor Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Delhi-110 092 2014 *****Created by ebook converter - www.ebook-converter.com***** Computer-aided software engineering (CASE), Component model of software development, Software reuse. Tools for anyone involved in software engineering to understand varying aspects of the code base, and the project progress.! 2. Software Reliability is the probability of failure-free software operation for a specified period of time in a specified environment. Three assumptions (Kitchenham) 1. FAULTS: Errors: Faults found by the developers during software development. Software metrics is a standard of measure that contains many activities which involve some degree of measurement. This free online diploma in software project management course provides a comprehensive guide on how individuals and organizations can manage their software projects. Defects: Faults found by the customers after release. It also provides definitions for measurement terms commonly used within the system and software industries. 2. Software Measurement Principles: The software measurement process can be characterized by five activities- Engineering Dry-run - test conducted by engineering without SQE. Get fast results on your desktop, over your network or from the cloud. However, it is difficult to achieve these requirements in practice, and only a few companies have done so . Simply, a Metric is a unit used for describing an attribute. Task sets consist of a collection of small work tasks, project milestones, work productivity and software quality assurance points. Software Testing NIST f b NIST reports software bugs cost annually Two of the most common source Lack of compatability: Software web brower, OS, or other softwa program on Windows Vista) Uncommon inppguts: Programs th unusual input are vulnerable to b help a lot with this (not available h $ billi the economy $59.5 billion s for bugs in software . This section includes software engineering MCQ questions on the characteristics of software development strategies, life cycle models and risk reduction models. The goal of tracking and analyzing software metrics is to determine the quality of the current product or process, improve that quality and predict the quality once the software development project is complete. It is a management solution to make certain projects remain within scope and to obtain desired code quality levels. This paper describes an Object-Oriented (OO) approach to a software measurement framework aimed at evaluating software products, software process, and resources, which includes the dynamic characteristics in software measurement, considering the behavior aspects of software metrics. Mall Rajib, Fundamentals of Software Engineering, PHI. A measure is established when a number of errors is (single data point) detected in a software component. The software group is polled to define a single objective . This downloadable paper "presents a process model for software measurement methods. Software measurement, Software measurement is concerned with deriving a numeric value for an attribute of a software product or process. These tests include Unit Tests and engineering dry-runs of the formal tests. Documentation in software engineering is the umbrella term that encompasses all written documents and materials dealing with a software product's development and use. , "Security is a risk management." , Why Software Security? Software Engineering. Software Process and Project Metrics - Within the software engineering context, a measure provides a quantitative . Software Engineering is a unique brand of engineering - Software is easy to change - Software construction is human-intensive - Software is intangible - Software problems are very complex - Software directly depends upon the hardware It is at the top of the system engineering "food chain" - 13 Fan-in, fan-out Henry and Kafura's measure depends on procedure size and the flow of information into procedures and out of procedures. Ans: Following are the attributes of a software metrics-, 1. Lots of useful feedbacks have been returned to the organization as a result of analyzing of the measurement data. It should be relatively easy to learn how to derive the metric, and its computation should not demand inordinate effort or time. Software Metrics. Evaluate 4. There are four reasons for measuring software processes, products and resources: To Characterize To Evaluate To Predict To Improve Software Quality Measurement and Metrics Types of Measurements Direct Measures Easily and directly measurable. , Software Maintenance is the process of modifying a software product after it has been delivered to the customer. Software Documentation Types and Best Practices. Throughout the software development lifecycle, measurement processes should be used . Presentation Skills. 2 Software metrics categories It can be classified into three categories: product metrics, process metrics, and project metrics. Please make any necessary modifications to meet your specific needs. . Accounting 1.3. Extract 3. Domain ontologies/software engineering/specific (sub-domain)/software engineering management: The SMO is proposed as a vehicle to achieve a consensus on the terminology used in the software measurement field, which is one of the key aspects of Process Management within the Software Engineering discipline. Software security is the idea of engineering software so that it continues to function correctly under malicious attack. Software Engineering Measurement. Different process improvement models such as productivity driven dynamic process modeling, human factors in . Problems with Software Problems with Software Quality Quality Software specifications are usually incomplete and often inconsistent There is tension between: customer quality requirements (efficiency, reliability, etc.) MEASUREMENT is the process by which numbers or symbols are assigned to the attributes of the entities in the real world in such a way as to define them accordingly to clearly defined rules. A software tool has been developed to assist in aggregating measurements obtained from various CASE tools in use. 1) System software - This type of software that manages and controls the internal functions of a computer system. Quality of the software, different metrics look at different Need for Maintenance -. 1. Indicator - - A metric that provide insight into the SW process, A software metric is a measure of software characteristics which are measurable or countable. The proposed model details the distinct steps from the design of a measurement method, to its application, then to the analysis of its measurement results and last to the exploitation of these results in subsequent models, such as in quality and estimation models." metric is a measurement function, software quality metric: a function whose inputs are software data and whose output is a single numerical value that can be interpreted as the degree to which software possesses a given attribute that affects its quality. - Example: defects found in component testing/LOC of code tested. Maintainability. Introduction to Software Engineering Lecture 1 2005-present, Dewayne E Perry Other Matters Class attendance Do not take attendance - BUT will call on you to answer questions BUT weekly (or more) quizzes and two (1stndhalf; 2 half) exams Generally, no PPT slides - class will be devoted to discussion Missing quizzes and exams Lecture slides for Software Engineering Course (undergraduate, book Chapters 1 - 5) Chapter 1: Introduction Lecture 1: Introduction PowerPoint document 1.9 MBytes | Modified: September 12, 2017 Lecture 2: The Object Model PowerPoint document 3.6 MBytes | Modified: September 7, 2012 Lecture 3: Software Configuration Management It is an authority within software engineering. Systematically, reversing the software development life cycle of software implementation best fits this procedure as it ordinally unravels each layer from a higher level to lower-level views of the system. Product metrics describe the characteristics of the product such as size, complexity, design features, performance, and quality level. The second part of the book comprising Chapters 12-16 focuses on mechanical measurements. , Software Security aims to avoid security vulnerabilities by addressing security from the early stages of software development life cycle. This book addresses basic and advanced concepts in software engineering and is intended as a textbook for an undergraduate-level engineering course. Text Book: 1. We can accurately measure some property of software or process. High quality code is easier to work with and can be easily adapted to new requirements. Chapter 12: Software Engineering Economics. ), Norman E. Fenton and Shari Lawrence Pfleeger, 1997, PWS Publishing Company, Boston, MA, ISBN 0534954251; 3 . They are Processes Quantitative process management (QPM) and causal analysis and resolution (CAR) are requirements of capability maturity model (CMM) levels 4 and 5, respectively. On a more granular level, software development managers are trying to: Increase return on investment (ROI) Identify areas of improvement, All software development products, whether created by a small team or a large corporation, require some related documentation. How easily you can modify or adapt your software for use by other teams, new purposes or changing requirements. Metrics can be defined as "STANDARDS OF MEASUREMENT". Software Measurement Metrics 1 S/w Measurement metric definition Software metrics is a standard of measure that contains many activities which involve some degree of measurement. In addition to covering important concepts in software engineering, this book also addresses the perspective of decreasing the overall effort of writing quality software. 6.1. Various measures are used in project size estimation. A CD-ROM with source code and third-party. Although some companies have introduced measurement programs, most organizations still dont make systematic use of software measurement. Plan the Measurement Process 6.3. They indicate the necessity of process improvement based on objective evidence obtained from statistical analysis of metrics. It also includes the case tools, object oriented model, and the reuse model. The Reuse-oriented software engineering model From Software Engineering, 9th edition, Chapter 2, by Ian Sommerville. Software Measurement and Estimation: A Practical Approach allows practicing software engineers and managers to better estimate, manage, and effectively communicate the plans and progress of their software projects. To emphasize or measure software development efficiency and productivity, several of our clients focus on: 1) Hitting Release Dates - The team's ability to agree to a product roadmap and then hit the dates for releases. They are different from just testing for errors because they can provide a wider variety of information about the following aspects of software systems: ! The coverage is restricted to measurement techniques and systems that are complementary to engineering metrology. FlexPro Analysis Software. This allows for objective comparisons between techniques and processes. The software measurement process is defined and governed by ISO Standard. Estimation of the size of software is an essential part of Software Project Management. The more complex your code is, the harder it will be to maintain. Establish and Sustain Measurement Commitment 6.2. To FlexPro. Keywords: Software Measurement, Software Metric, PSM, GQM , 1.1. 2. Reformulating software engineering as a search problem. "This is the single best book on software quality engineering and metrics that I've encountered."--Capers Jones, from the Foreword. Measurement must not be a goal in itself. Organize, analyze and graph measured data. Finance 1.2. The E4-Measurement Process Objectives, needs Decisions, re-direction, updated plans Business Process Environment, resources 1. Within the software development process, many metrics are that are all connected. Abstract, A software product line is a set of software-intensive systems that share a common, managed set of features satisfying the specific needs of a particular market segment or mission and that are developed from a common set of core assets in a prescribed way. Restructuring. The COSMIC Functional Sizing Methodology is the mature standard for software size measurement, it has remain largely unchanged since 1998. Feasibility study: An estimate is made of whether the identified can be achieved . Section 4 sets out some research goals for search-based software engineering, while Section 5 concludes with a call for more work in this area. Metric (IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terms) - A quantitative measure of the degree to which a system, component or process possesses a given attribute. You will learn about quality assurance, total quality management and process improvement for product quality, reducing costs, as well as accelerating schedules. Engineering quality software Quality - A key issue in the eld of software engineering - Popular view: dicult to dene and measure - Professional view: quantiable, controllable, manageable, improvable - Adenition:"conformance to requirements" P. Crosby, Quality is Free: The Art of Making Quality Certain, McGraw . Software applications are divided into eight areas. These measures are collected throughout the software development life cycle with an intention to improve the software process on a continuous basis. 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