Revival? AETERNI PATRISENCYCLICAL OF POPE LEO XIII ON THE RESTORATION OF CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY. This species of religious strife St. Jerome, writing to Magnus, notices as having been adopted by the Apostle of the Gentiles himself; Paul, the leader of the Christian army and the invincible orator, battling for the cause of Christ, skillfully turns even a chance inscription into an argument for the faith; for he had learned from the true David to wrest the sword from the hands of the enemy and to cut off the head of the boastful Goliath with his own weapon. 27. The second document is the encyclical of Leo XIII, dated Aug. 4, 1879, and written to restore scholastic philosophy in general and that of St. Thomas Aquinas in particular. From the Catholic Encyclopedia. r. aubert, Le Pontificat de Pie IX, 18461878 (Paris 1952). 5. "(15) But if natural reason first sowed this rich field of doctrine before it was rendered fruitful by the power of Christ, it must assuredly become more prolific after the grace of the Saviour has renewed and added to the native faculties of the human mind. The opening paragraph begins with a reference to Christs command to His Apostles to set all men free by teaching the truth of the faith to all nations (Matthew 28:19). (22) For, as the enemies of the Catholic name, when about to attack religion, are in the habit of borrowing their weapons from the arguments of philosophers, so the defenders of sacred science draw many arguments from the store of philosophy which may serve to uphold revealed dogmas. Includes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible and more all for only $19.99. [4] The superintendence of the leonine edition was entrusted to Zigliara. 29. And, here, how pleasantly one's thoughts fly back to those celebrated schools and universities which flourished of old in Europe - to Paris, Salamanca, Alcal, to Douay, Toulouse, and Louvain, to Padua and Bologna, to Naples and Coimbra, and to many another! The great and noble fruits gathered from natural reason, as described in the fifth paragraph, include its ability to recognize that the doctrine of the Gospel has even from its very beginning been made manifest by certain wonderful signs. The spread, sanctity, and unity of the Church is another sign that reason can recognize. SEA PATRIS (IMO: 8415794) is a Vehicles Carrier that was built in 1985 (37 years ago) and is sailing under the flag of PA. The struggling innovators of the sixteenth century philosophized without regard for faith. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. French Dominicans Pierre Mandonnet (18581936), Marie-Dominique Chenu (18951990), and Yves Congar (19041995) explored the historical background of Thomas Aquinas and its relationship to theology. Aeterni Patris, the Encyclical, of Leo XIII, issued August 4, 1879. He is praised for collecting together all the other arguments of scholastics, and then made valuable additions as well. And both Gregory of Nazianzen(12) and Gregory of Nyssa(13)praise and commend a like mode of disputation in Basil the Great; while Jerome(14) especially commends it in Quadratus, a disciple of the Apostles, in Aristides, Justin, Irenaeus, and very many others. Clement of Alexandria, Stromata, 1,5 (PG 8, 718-719). 22. For men whom the truth had set free were to be preserved by the truth; nor would the fruits of heavenly doctrines by which salvation comes to men have long remained had not the Lord Christ appointed an unfailing teaching authority to train the minds to faith. Its purpose was the revival of Scholastic philosophy, according to the mind of St. Thomas Aquinas. To this end assuredly have tended the incessant labors of individual bishops; to this end also the published laws and decrees of councils, and especially the constant watchfulness of the Roman Pontiffs, to whom, as successors of the blessed Peter in the primacy of the Apostles, belongs the right and office of teaching and confirming their brethren in the faith. Overall length is 176,72 meters, and width is 29,2 meters. This high regard was most especially evident during the Council of Trent, in which his Summa was laid upon the altar, together with sacred Scripture and the decrees of the supreme Pontiffs., 23. Aeterni Patris Englishtainment Sicut vitae panis hac ratione manifestatur Iesus, quem aeternus Pater dono dat hominibus. The quotation from Sixtus V continues through paragraph 15, and it is here that scholasticism, drawing together and compiling the sacred writings, the work of the sovereign Pontiffs, the holy Fathers and the councils, is portrayed as beneficial to the posterity in three ways: for (1) understanding and interpreting Scripture, (2) understanding the Fathers, and (3) combating heresies and errors. "(34) The doctrines of those illustrious men, like the scattered members of a body, Thomas collected together and cemented, distributed in wonderful order, and so increased with important additions that he is rightly and deservedly esteemed the special bulwark and glory of the Catholic faith. The centenary year of Aeterni Patris, however,leaves many questions seeking answers. Denz 313540. Moreover, in this very age many illustrious professors of the physical sciences openly testify that between certain and accepted conclusions of modern physics and the philosophic principles of the schools there is no conflict worthy of the name. the only-begotten son of the eternal father, who came on earth to bring salvation and the light of divine wisdom to men, conferred a great and wonderful blessing on the world when, about to ascend again into heaven, he commanded the apostles to go and teach all nations, (1) and left the church which he had founded to be the common and supreme 10). Both paragraphs use ornamental language in speaking of the beauty of the pure streams from the precious fountainhead of the Angelic Doctor. The language may appeal implicitly to a Thomistic understanding of Beauty as a transcendental quality inseparable from the Good and the Truth. One of the best known French Dominicans of the twentieth century was Rginald Garrigou-Lagrange (18771964), who influenced generations of students during his tenure at the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum) in Rome. v. b. brezik, CSB (ed. In August 1879, eighteen months into his pontificate, Pope Leo XIII (formerly Joachim Cardinal Pecci, bishop of Perugia), issued the encyclical letter Aeterni Patris. "(30) He himself, indeed, with marvellous versatility treated of many things of the greatest utility for preparing a history of philosophy, for the exercise of the dialectic art, and for showing the agreement between reason and faith. 1. It was subtitled 'On the Restoration of Christian Philosophy in Catholic Schools in the Spirit (ad mentem) of the Angelic Doctor, St. Thomas Aquinas'. leo xiii, Acta Leonis XIII 1 (187879) 255285. pedro rodriguez, Fe, razon y teologia en el I Centenario de la Enciclica "Aeterni Patris" (Pamplona, Spain 1979); Atti del'VIII Congresso Tomistico Internaziole: L'Enciclica Aeterni Patris (Studi Tomistici, 1012, Vatican City 1981). 25. Aeterni Patris, an encyclical issued by Pope Leo XIII on Aug. 4, 1879, which strengthened the position of the philosophical system of the medieval Scholastic philosopher-theologian St. Thomas Aquinas and soon made Thomism the dominant philosophical viewpoint in Roman Catholicism. 11. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. New Catholic Encyclopedia. As Clement of Alexandria testifies, the doctrine of the Saviour is indeed perfect in itself and wanteth naught, since it is the power and wisdom of God. For these reasons most learned men, in former ages especially, of the highest repute in theology and philosophy, after mastering with infinite pains the immortal works of Thomas, gave themselves up not so much to be instructed in his angelic wisdom as to be nourished upon it. is nourished, defended, and made strong."(5). But the Pope declares that the actual condition of thought makes it a duty for him to do something for the study of true philosophy; because many present evils are to be ascribed to false philosophy, inasmuch as, since man is naturally led by reason, whither the reason leads the will easily follows. An encyclical letter of Pope Leo XIII (issued 4 August, 1879); not to be confused with the apostolic letter of the same name written by Pope Pius IX. terni Patris Please help support the mission of New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. In combating these adversaries, Catholic apologists even from the early centuries (for example, Justin Martyr) encountered both the power of reason to demonstrate certain attributes of God and the limitation of reason in relationship to revelation. . AETERNI PATRIS ENCYCLICAL OF POPE LEO XIII ON THE RESTORATION OF CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY August 4, 1879 To the Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, and Bishops of the Catholic World in Grace and Communion with the Apostolic See. Now, We think that, apart from the supernatural help of God, nothing is better calculated to heal those minds and to bring them into favor with the Catholic faith than the solid doctrine of the Fathers and the Scholastics, who so clearly and forcibly demonstrate the firm foundations of the faith, its divine origin, its certain truth, the arguments that sustain it, the benefits it has conferred on the human race, and its perfect accord with reason, in a manner to satisfy completely minds open to persuasion, however unwilling and repugnant. Quadratus, Justin Irenaeus, are counted among the early Christian apologists, who devoted their works to the defence of Christian truth against the pagans. But in order that philosophy may be bound equal to the gathering of those precious fruits which we have indicated, it behooves it above all things never to turn aside from that path which the Fathers have entered upon from a venerable antiquity, and which the Vatican Council solemnly and authoritatively approved. And, not to speak of the living, how many Greeks have done likewise? Since it was the work of the Scholastic theologians, according to the Encyclical, to unite divine and human science, their theology could never have succeeded, as it did succeed, if their philosophy had not been a complete system. 7. The Church commands Christian teachers to enlist the help of philosophy in instructing the faithful but cautions against philosophical arguments that are contrary to revealed truth. Aeterni Patris, the Encyclical, of Leo XIII, issued August 4, 1879. You know how often among some truths they taught false and incongruous things; what vague and doubtful opinions they held concerning the nature of the Divinity, the first origin of things, the government of the world, the divine knowledge of the future, the cause and principle of evil, the ultimate end of man, the eternal beatitude, concerning virtue and vice, and other matters, a true and certain knowledge of which is most necessary to the human race; while, on the other hand, the early Fathers and Doctors of the Church, who well understood that, according to the divine plan, the restorer of human science is Christ, who is the power and the wisdom of God,(27) and in whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge,(28) took up and investigated the books of the ancient philosophers, and compared their teachings with the doctrines of revelation, and, carefully sifting them, they cherished what was true and wise in them and amended or rejected all else. [1] 1:14: "For he created all things that they might be: and he made the nations of the earth . 17. Thus, the philosopher is discouraged from accepting any conclusion that is opposed to revealed doctrine. Epistola ad Magnum, 4 (PL 22, 667). But the learned men whom We call apologists speedily encountered these teachers of foolish doctrine and, under the guidance of faith, found arguments in human wisdom also to prove that one God, who stands pre-eminent in every kind of perfection, is to be worshiped; that all things were created from nothing by His omnipotent power; that by His wisdom they flourish and serve each their own special purposes. Domestic and civil society even, which, as all see, is exposed to great danger from this plague of perverse opinions, would certainly enjoy a far more peaceful and secure existence if a more wholesome doctrine were taught in the universities and high schools-one more in conformity with the teaching of the Church, such as is contained in the works of Thomas Aquinas. (29) But who knows not the disputations of Clement of Alexandria, which the same Jerome thus honorably commemorates: "What is there in them that is not learned, and what that is not of the very heart of philosophy? The following paragraph names Thomas Aquinas as the preeminent example of scholasticism. (19), 6. For it pleased the struggling innovators of the sixteenth century to philosophize without any respect for faith, the power of inventing in accordance with his own pleasure and bent being asked and given in turn by each one. Fathers, Summa, Bible and more all for only $ 19.99 according to the mind of St. Thomas.... 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