Canada is the largest foreign supplier of energy to the US, including oil, natural gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. [377] Freedom of religion in Canada is a constitutionally protected right, allowing individuals to assemble and worship without limitation or interference. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration. The United States and Canada traded goods and services of $680 billion in 2017 more than $1.8 billion per day. Peace came in 1815; no boundaries were changed. Learn about labour mobility between provinces and territories. [125] Canada has over 2,000,000 lakes563 of which are larger than 100km2 (39sqmi)containing much of the world's fresh water. [360] The 2021 census indicated that 8.3million people, or almost one-quarter (23.0percent) of the population, reported themselves as being or having been a landed immigrant or permanent resident in Canadaabove the 1921 census previous record of 22.3percent. [439] As a result, the preservation of a distinctly Canadian culture is supported by federal government programs, laws, and institutions such as the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). [76][77] This period of westward expansion and nation building resulted in the displacement of many Indigenous peoples of the Canadian Prairies to "Indian reserves",[78] clearing the way for ethnic European block settlements. All judges at the superior and appellate levels are appointed after consultation with non-governmental legal bodies. Here's how to protect yourself. [74] In 1898, during the Klondike Gold Rush in the Northwest Territories, Parliament created the Yukon Territory. "[314] Around 30percent of Canadians' healthcare is paid for through the private sector. [56] To avert conflict in Quebec, the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act 1774, expanding Quebec's territory to the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. Moving between provinces. [303] New immigrants settle mostly in major urban areas in the country, such as Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. It is dominated by old-growth forest with over 2,400 lakes and 1,200 kilometres of streams and rivers. WebCanada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching [58] It re-established the French language, Catholic faith, and French civil law there, staving off the growth of an independence movement in contrast to the Thirteen Colonies. [154] Canada's largest national wildlife region is the Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area, which spans 11,570.65 square kilometres (4,467.45sqmi)[155] and protects critical breeding and nesting habitat for over 40 percent of British Columbia's seabirds. [69], Following several constitutional conferences, the British North America Act 1867 officially proclaimed Canadian Confederation on July 1, 1867, initially with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. [132][133] There are also fresh-water glaciers in the Canadian Rockies, the Coast Mountains and the Arctic Cordillera. [13] By the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was no longer used by the United Kingdom, which considered Canada a "Realm of the Commonwealth". [434] L. M. Montgomery produced a series of children's novels beginning in 1908 with Anne of Green Gables. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. The earliest work of patriotic music in Canada, "The Bold Canadian", was written in 1812. [199] The bank does not issue Canadian coins; they are issued by the Royal Canadian Mint. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. Immigrate to work and live in Canada . [456], Canadian music reflects a variety of regional scenes. The territories being creatures of the federal government, changes to their role and division of powers may be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada. In my time at Caada College, I had the amazing opportunity to grow as a leader. [376], Canada is religiously diverse, encompassing a wide range of beliefs and customs. They were joined briefly by Frank Johnston and by commercial artist Franklin Carmichael. Its land reaches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. [215], Canada is recognized as a middle power for its role in international affairs with a tendency to pursue multilateral solutions. Sell your goods or services to the government [388] Other faiths include Islam (4.9percent), Hinduism (2.3percent), Sikhism (2.1percent), Buddhism (1.0percent), Judaism (0.9percent), and Indigenous spirituality (0.2percent). [84] Volunteers sent to the Western Front later became part of the Canadian Corps, which played a substantial role in the Battle of Vimy Ridge and other major engagements of the war. The primary characteristics of Canadian humour are irony, parody, and satire. [51], The English established additional settlements in Newfoundland in 1610 along with settlements in the Thirteen Colonies to the south. [309] Life expectancy is 81.1 years. One of North Americas largest urban green spaces, Stanley Park is revered for its dramatic forest-and-mountain oceanfront views. [375] Due to its historical relation to the francophone culture, Quebec Sign Language (LSQ) is used primarily in Quebec, although there are sizeable Francophone communities in New Brunswick, Ontario and Manitoba. [40][41] In approximately 1000 AD, the Norse built a small short-lived encampment that was occupied sporadically for perhaps 20 years at L'Anse aux Meadows on the northern tip of Newfoundland. Canada is bordered by non-contiguous US state of Alaska in the northwest and by 12 other US states in the south. [463], Patriotic music in Canada dates back over 200 years as a distinct category from British patriotism, preceding Canadian Confederation by over 50 years. Total cases. English and French have equal status in federal courts, Parliament, and in all federal institutions. [290] Canada has a long history of discovery in genetics, which include stem cells, site-directed mutagenesis, T-cell receptor and the identification of the genes that cause Fanconi anemia, cystic fibrosis and early-onset Alzheimer's disease, among numerous other diseases. [224] Canada seeks to expand its ties to Pacific Rim economies through membership in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC). [59] The Proclamation and the Quebec Act in turn angered many residents of the Thirteen Colonies, further fuelling anti-British sentiment in the years prior to the American Revolution. Internet TLD. Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. [349][350] Statistics Canada reports that 35.5percent of the population reported multiple ethnic origins, thus the overall total is greater than 100percent. [144] About 65 percent of Canada's resident species are considered "Secure". [181][182][183][184] The reigning monarch is KingCharles III, who is also monarch of 14 other Commonwealth countries and each of Canada's 10 provinces. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. [270], Canada is one of the few developed nations that are net exporters of energy. [11] In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada. [315] This mostly pays for services not covered or partially covered by Medicare, such as prescription drugs, dentistry and optometry. [245] Provinces and territories have responsibility for social programs such as health care, education, and welfare,[246] as well as administration of justice (but not criminal law). Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate, where daily average temperatures are near 15C (5F), but can drop below 40C (40F) with severe wind chills. [368] There are also clusters of Acadians in southwestern Nova Scotia, on Cape Breton Island, and through central and western Prince Edward Island. Learn about labour mobility between provinces and territories. [328] An increasing problem in Canada's health system is a lack of healthcare professionals. [373], Additionally, Canada is home to many sign languages, some of which are Indigenous. [453], Canadian visual art has been dominated by figures such as painter Tom Thomson and by the Group of Seven. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching 8,891 kilometres (5,525mi), is the world's longest binational land border. [265] The Automotive Products Trade Agreement of 1965 opened Canada's borders to trade in the automobile manufacturing industry. ", "Consolidated federal laws of canada, THE CONSTITUTION ACTS, 1867 to 1982", "Religion by visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts", "The Daily 2011 National Household Survey: Immigration, place of birth, citizenship, ethnic origin, visible minorities, language and religion", Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, "Sikh Community Profile Infographic English", "A literature review of Public Opinion Research on Canadian attitudes towards multiculturalism and immigration, 20062009", "The mother beaver Collection Profiles", "Canada in the Making: Pioneers and Immigrants", "Maple Leaf Tartan becomes official symbol", Disruption: Change and churning in Canada's media landscape, "Freedom of expression and media freedom", "Putting a spotlight on Canada's Artistic Heritage", "Canadian sport participation Most frequently played sports in Canada (2010)", "Why Toronto should get excited about the Pan Am Games", "World Cup 2026: Canada, US & Mexico joint bid wins right to host tournament", Canadiana: The National Bibliography of Canada, Official website of the Government of Canada, Official website of the Governor General of Canada, Official website of the Prime Ministers of Canada, Canada's official website for travel and tourism, International Council for Canadian Studies, World Wars and Interwar Years (19141945), Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Commonwealth Secretariat Member Countries, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canada&oldid=1134353852, English-speaking countries and territories, Former British colonies and protectorates in the Americas, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1867, Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2018, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Canadian English, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles containing Laurentian-language text, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 07:44. [279] Canada has one of the highest levels of Internet access in the world, with over 33million users, equivalent to around 94 percent of its total 2014 population. [365], The 1977 Charter of the French Language established French as the official language of Quebec. General elections in Canada must be called by the governor general, triggered by either the advice of the prime minister or a lost confidence vote in the House. [175][176] Far-right and far-left politics have never been a prominent force in Canadian society. [298] The main drivers of population growth are immigration and, to a lesser extent, natural growth. [322][323], In 2021, the Canadian Institute for Health Information reported that healthcare spending reached $308billion, or 12.7 percent of Canada's GDP for that year. COVID-19 vaccines have helped protect us. [422][423] Canadian coins feature many of these symbols: the loon on the $1 coin, the Arms of Canada on the 50 piece, and the beaver on the nickel. [204], Canada's judiciary plays an important role in interpreting laws and has the power to strike down Acts of Parliament that violate the constitution. Virtual Tour Schedule a Tour. In my time at Caada College, I had the amazing opportunity to grow as a leader. [261], Since the early 20th century, the growth of Canada's manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy to an urbanized, industrial one. [225], Canada and the United States share the world's longest undefended border, co-operate on military campaigns and exercises, and are each other's largest trading partner. Although the Constitution of Canada refers to God and the monarch carries the title of "Defender of the Faith", Canada has no official church, and the government is officially committed to religious pluralism. Canada is bordered by non-contiguous US state of Alaska in the northwest and by 12 other US states in the south. [292] Canada was the third country to design and construct a satellite after the Soviet Union and the United States, with the 1962 Alouette 1 launch. WebFind out what document you need to travel, visit family and friends, do business, or transit through Canada, and how to extend your stay. Provincial legislatures are unicameral and operate in parliamentary fashion similar to the House of Commons. Last updated on October 19th, 2022. [261] In 2018, Canada had a trade deficit in goods of $22billion and a trade deficit in services of $25billion. [189] Canada's three territories also have legislatures, but these are not sovereign and have fewer constitutional responsibilities than the provinces. The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in British North America from 1841 to 1867. [55], The Royal Proclamation of 1763 established First Nation treaty rights, created the Province of Quebec out of New France, and annexed Cape Breton Island to Nova Scotia. [93], The financial crisis of the Great Depression had led the Dominion of Newfoundland to relinquish responsible government in 1934 and become a Crown colony ruled by a British governor. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. [223] Canada joined the Organization of American States (OAS) in 1990 and hosted the OAS General Assembly in 2000 and the 3rd Summit of the Americas in 2001. WebCanada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching [70][71] Canada assumed control of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to form the Northwest Territories, where the Mtis' grievances ignited the Red River Rebellion and the creation of the province of Manitoba in July 1870. [338] Four universities are regularly ranked among the top 100 world-wide, namely University of Toronto, University of British Columbia, McGill University and McMaster University, with a total of 18 universities ranked in the top 500 worldwide. [196] The territorial legislatures also differ structurally from their provincial counterparts. Many moved to Canada, particularly Atlantic Canada, where their arrival changed the demographic distribution of the existing territories. Last updated on October 19th, 2022. [333][334] Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. [309], Healthcare in Canada is delivered through the provincial and territorial systems of publicly funded health care, informally called Medicare. [48] In 1600, the French established their first seasonal trading post at Tadoussac along the Saint Lawrence. [32][33], Although not without conflict, European Canadians' early interactions with First Nations and Inuit populations were relatively peaceful. TORONTO - Canadas mens basketball team will play exhibition games against Spain and Argentina this summer in preparation for the 2023 FIBA World Cup. From north to south it spans more than half the Northern Hemisphere. WebImmigrate to work and live in Canada . [115] Canada also joined the Gulf War in 1990 as part of a United Statesled coalition force and was active in several peacekeeping missions in the 1990s, including the UNPROFOR mission in the former Yugoslavia. Ontario. [217][218] Canada's peacekeeping role during the 20th century has played a major role in its global image. [272] Canada is additionally one of the world's largest suppliers of agricultural products; the Canadian Prairies are one of the most important global producers of wheat, canola, and other grains. [264][271] Atlantic Canada possesses vast offshore deposits of natural gas, and Alberta also hosts large oil and gas resources. [297][307], The majority of Canadians (81.1percent) live in family households, 12.1percent report living alone, and those living with other relatives or unrelated persons reported at 6.8percent. [428] In recent decades, Canada's literature has been strongly influenced by immigrants from around the world. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. [374] American Sign Language (ASL) is used across the country due to the prevalence of ASL in primary and secondary schools. [349], The country's ten largest self-reported specific ethnic or cultural origins in 2021 were Canadian[c] (accounting for 15.6percent of the population), followed by English (14.7percent), Irish (12.1percent), Scottish (12.1percent), French (11.0percent), German (8.1percent), Chinese (4.7percent), Italian (4.3percent), Indian (3.7percent), and Ukrainian (3.5percent). WebCanada is a country to the north of the United States. Of all Canadas top sights, Banff National Park justifiably ranks as many peoples number one. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. [450], The Canadian government has played a role in the development of Canadian culture through the department of Canadian Heritage, by giving grants to art galleries,[451] as well as establishing and funding art schools and colleges across the country, and through the Canada Council for the Arts (established in 1957), the national public arts funder, helping artists, art galleries and periodicals, and thus contributing to the development of Canada's cultural works. [417] The use of the maple leaf as a Canadian symbol dates to the early 18th century. [19], Indigenous peoples in present-day Canada include the First Nations, Inuit, and Mtis,[20] the last being of mixed descent who originated in the mid-17th century when First Nations people married European settlers and subsequently developed their own identity. The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in British North America from 1841 to 1867. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. It is to the north of the United States. WebCanada is a vast and rugged land. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. A booster dose can help strengthen our protection against severe forms of COVID-19 Report a problem or 4,524,782. [242] Canada's total military expenditure is expected to reach $32.7billion by 2027. These two colonies were collectively named the Canadas until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. [61] To accommodate the influx of English-speaking Loyalists in Central Canada, the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the province of Canada into French-speaking Lower Canada (later Quebec) and English-speaking Upper Canada (later Ontario), granting each its own elected legislative assembly. [200], The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of the country and consists of written text and unwritten conventions. [192], Each of the 338 members of Parliament in the House of Commons is elected by simple plurality in an electoral district or riding. WebCanada is a vast and rugged land. The Programme for International Student Assessment indicates Canadian students perform well above the OECD average, particularly in mathematics, science, and reading,[345][346] ranking the overall knowledge and skills of Canadian 15-year-olds as the sixth-best in the world, although these scores have been declining in recent years. [404][405], Canada's approach to governance emphasizing multiculturalism, which is based on selective immigration, social integration, and suppression of far-right politics, has wide public support. [138] Canada's annual average temperature over land has warmed by 1.7C (3.1F), with changes ranging from 1.1 to 2.3C (2.0 to 4.1F) in various regions, since 1948. A highly developed country, Canada has the 24th highest nominal per capita income globally and the fifteenth-highest ranking on the Human Development Index. [20], The first inhabitants of North America are generally hypothesized to have migrated from Siberia by way of the Bering land bridge and arrived at least 14,000 years ago. [441] The largest of these corporations is the country's national public broadcaster, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, which also plays a significant role in producing domestic cultural content, operating its own radio and TV networks in both English and French. .ca. [172] Historically, the Liberal Party position themselves at the centre of the Canadian political spectrum,[173][174] with the Conservative Party positioned on the right and the New Democratic Party occupying the left. 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