1. ", "Operation Big Itch was a September 1954 series of tests at Dugway Proving Ground in Utah. In the process of acquiring this priceless data, we recorded for future generations the environmental history of the Earth at least a decade before any country on this Earth launched any Earth resource satellites.. [80][81], In Canada, the issue took much longer to surface, becoming widely known in 1984 on a CBC news show, The Fifth Estate. "Is giving your kid a test in school an inhibition on his free learning?" In 1977, Schulsinger completed his doctoral dissertation on the project, but as MKUltra had been officially declared in the U.S. to have been discontinued with records destroyed, Schulsinger's thesis became a state secret. Declassified MKUltra documents indicate they studied hypnosis in the early 1950s. [43], MKOFTEN was to deal with testing and toxicological transmissivity and behavioral effects of drugs in animals and, ultimately, humans. Working with the CIA, the Department of Defense gave hallucinogenic drugs to thousands of "volunteer" soldiers in the 1950s and 1960s. This list may not reflect recent changes. The program was rumored vis--vis leaks made by anonymous government officials on July 23, to be an assassinations program,[56][57] but this remains unconfirmed. The Gateway Process was explained in a report completed in 1983, revealing scientific evidence of how to produce states of expanded human consciousness. This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total. Joint Hearing before the Select Committee on Intelligence and the Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research of the Committee on Human Resources, United States Senate, Ninety-Fifth Congress, First Session", "Chapter 3: Supreme Court Dissents Invoke the Nuremberg Code: CIA and DOD Human Subjects Research Scandals", "U.S. Senate Report on CIA MKULTRA Behavioral Modification Program 1977", "Science, Technology and the CIA: A National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book", "Chapter 3, part 4: Supreme Court Dissents Invoke the Nuremberg Code: CIA and DOD Human Subjects Research Scandals", "The Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, Foreign and Military Intelligence", "U.S. vets say there were human guinea pigs | ABC7 San Francisco | abc7news.com", "80 Institutions Used in CIA Mind Studies: Admiral Turner Tells Senators of Behavior Control Research Bars Drug Testing Now", "Private Institutions Used In C.I.A Effort To Control Behavior. The Obama administration threatened to veto the final version of a bill that included such a provision. The CIA's own internal investigation concluded that the head of MKUltra, CIA chemist Sidney Gottlieb, had conducted the LSD experiment with Olson's prior knowledge, although neither Olson nor the other men taking part in the experiment were informed as to the exact nature of the drug until some 20 minutes after its ingestion. If youve watched 90s sci-fi showThe X-Files, youll know that one subject that comes up a lot is Area 51, an off-limits staging ground in the Nevada desert, where the U.S. Air Force supposedly conductedclassified alien-related tests (the area around it has become known as the Extraterrestrial Highway). How Many More Could Follow? From 1942 to 1946, Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers led the Manhattan Project. In 1998, the National Security Archive (NSA) a non-governmental organization that publishes information made available through the Freedom of Information Act posted declassified documents related to Operation Northwoods. Following the recommendations of the Church Committee, President Gerald Ford in 1976 issued the first Executive Order on Intelligence Activities which, among other things, prohibited "experimentation with drugs on human subjects, except with the informed consent, in writing and witnessed by a disinterested party, of each such human subject" and in accordance with the guidelines issued by the National Commission. To learn more about the CORONA project, please see the following publications and video: A June 2006 report from the Council of Europe estimated 100 people had been kidnapped by the CIA on EU territory (with the cooperation of Council of Europe members), and rendered to other countries, often after having transited through secret detention centres ("black sites") used by the CIA, some located in Europe. [2] Intelligence expert David Wise faulted Weiner for portraying Allen Dulles as "a doddering old man" rather than the "shrewd professional spy" he knew and for refusing "to concede that the agency's leaders may have acted from patriotic motives or that the CIA ever did anything right", but concluded: "Legacy of Ashes succeeds as both journalism and history, and it is must reading for anyone interested in the CIA or American intelligence since World War II. ", Dianne Feinstein, Chairwoman of the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, As mandated by Title 50 of the United States Code Chapter 15, Subchapter III, when it becomes necessary to limit access to covert operations findings that could affect vital interests of the U.S., as soon as possible the President must report at a minimum to the Gang of Eight (the leaders of each of the two parties from both the Senate and House of Representatives, and the chairs and ranking members of both the Senate Committee and House Committee for intelligence). Its hard to imagine a world without Google maps or satellite imagery, but when CORONA was developed in the 1950s, satellite photo-reconnaissance didnt exist. According to the separate European Parliament report of February 2007, the CIA has conducted 1,245 flights, many of them to destinations where suspects could face torture, in violation of article 3 of the United Nations Convention Against Torture. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). Allegations by Director Panetta indicate that details of a secret counterterrorism program were withheld from Congress under orders from former U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney. In March 1968, American soldiers murdered hundreds of unarmed civilians in the South Vietnamese hamlet of My Lai, according to accounts of the massacre that describe harrowing killings of at least 300 women, children and elderly people. CIA support of front groups was exposed after a 1967 Ramparts magazine article reported that the National Student Association received funding from the CIA. [5], In 1973, amid a government-wide panic caused by Watergate, CIA Director Richard Helms ordered all MKUltra files destroyed. The program was canceled in 1966 after shifting ice created unstable conditions. Washington, D.C., February 12, 2010 - For the first time, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has declassified substantive information on one of its most secret and sensitive schemes, "Project Azorian," the Agency codename for its ambitious plan to raise a sunken Soviet submarine from the floor of the Pacific Ocean in order to retrieve its secrets. [13]:74[16][17][18] Over 7,000 American veterans took part in these experiments non-consensually during the 1950s through 1970s, many of them suing later on. [99][100], Sit back picture yourself swooping up a shell of purple with foam crests of crystal drops soft nigh they fall unto the sea of morning creep-very-softly mist and then sort of cascade tinkley-bell-like (must I take you by the hand, ever so slowly type) and then conglomerate suddenly into a peal of silver vibrant uncomprehendingly, blood singingly, joyously resounding bells By my faith if this be insanity, then for the love of God permit me to remain insane.[104]. At the beginning of the 2009 comedy, The Men who Stare at Goats, there is a disclaimer that some of the plot elements are based on real events.It doesn't say which but some new information about a secret CIA program was declassified last year. In the 1970s, Congressional investigations and reports also revealed Agency connections with journalists and civic groups. [1][2] Many of those who were hired as part of Bloodstone were high-ranking Nazi intelligence agents who had committed war crimes. The records include: White House and ODNI efforts to explain, justify, and defend the programs; Correspondence between outside critics and executive branch officials; Fact sheets and white papers distributed (and sometimes later withdrawn) by the government; Key laws and court decisions (both Supreme Court and Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court); Documents on the Total Information Awareness (later Terrorist Information Awareness, or TIA) program, an earlier proposal for massive data collection Manuals on how to exploit the Internet for intelligence. From a secret U.S Air Force project to build a flying saucer to a now-famous World War II-era research program that produced the first atomic bombs, below are 10 declassified military and CIA secrets. During the Cold War, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or NATO, developed a classified plan for keeping Europe "safe" in the event of a Soviet invasion. Copyright 2023 InsideHook. Washington, D.C., February 12, 2010 - For the first time, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has declassified substantive information on one of its most secret and sensitive schemes, "Project Azorian," the Agency codename for its ambitious plan to raise a sunken Soviet submarine from the floor of the Pacific Ocean in order to retrieve its secrets. [3], The E14 was designed to hold 100,000 fleas and the E23 was designed to hold 200,000 fleas but the E23 failed in over half of the preliminary Big Itch tests. [2][3] The tests were designed to determine coverage patterns and survivability of the tropical rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis) for use in biological warfare as disease vector. The operation was detailed in a partially declassified U.S. Army report in 1981. The term "torture by proxy" is used by some critics to describe situations in which the CIA[7][8][9][10] and other US agencies have transferred suspected terrorists to countries known to employ torture, whether they meant to enable torture or not. [49], In the early 1990s Richard Barlow asked his managers to correct the record when blatantly false statements had been made to Congress. The mission of the secret armies was simple: Prepare for a potential communist takeover and lead an armed resistance should such a takeover occur. It's free. Critical Survey of Long Fiction, Second Revised Edition (2000): EBSCO. Studies in Intelligence, March 2010 [76 Pages, 3.28MB] - The Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI) was founded in 1974 in response to Director of Central Intelligence James Schlesinger's desire to create within CIA an organization that could "think through the functions of intelligence and bring the best intellects available to bear . [63] They gave up on the notion that LSD was "the secret that was going to unlock the universe," but it still had a place in the cloak-and-dagger arsenal. [41], MKCHICKWIT was concerned with acquiring information on new drug developments in Europe and Asia, and with acquiring samples. Between 1953 and 1964, the program consisted of 149 projects involving drug testing and other studies on unwitting human subjects, Given the CIA's purposeful destruction of most records, its failure to follow informed consent protocols with thousands of participants, the uncontrolled nature of the experiments, and the lack of follow-up data, the full impact of MKUltra experiments, including deaths, may never be known. The government argued that Stanley was barred from suing under the Feres doctrine. It often conducted experiments without the subjects' knowledge or consent. "[92], A 2010 book by H. P. Albarelli Jr. alleged that the 1951 Pont-Saint-Esprit mass poisoning was part of MKDELTA, that Olson was involved in that event, and that he was eventually murdered by the CIA. These research funds were sent to Cameron by a CIA front organization, the Society for the Investigation of Human Ecology, and as shown in internal CIA documents, Cameron did not know the money came from the CIA. "Between April and November 1956, the U.S. Army Chemical Corps conducted Operation Drop Kick[1] to test the practicality of employing mosquitoes to carry an entomological warfare agent in different ways. NPR Fresh Air. In the film, soldiers were selected to be part of a military program examining whether it was possible to affect the physical world with thought forms. 2010. News, advice and insights for the most interesting man in the room. The order stipulated that all the imagery would be declassified immediately upon transfer and be made available to the public. [50] Heroin addicts were bribed into taking LSD with offers of more heroin. The ambitious program, called Project 1794, was initiated in the 1950s, and a team of engineers was tasked with building a disc-shape vehicle capable of traveling at supersonic speeds at high altitudes. "[51], On July 10, 2009, House Intelligence subcommittee Chairwoman Representative Jan Schakowsky (D, IL) announced the termination of an unnamed CIA covert program described as "very serious" in nature which had been kept secret from Congress for eight years.[52]. Known to the public as the U.S. Air Forces Discoverer program, the classified CORONA project operated during the height of the Cold War to collect pictures over the denied areas of eastern Europe and Asia. During the Cold War, the CIA initiated Project MK-ULTRA, a secret and illegal human research program to investigate potential mind-control systems. Substances which will produce "pure" euphoria with no subsequent let-down. In dissent, Justice William Brennan argued that the need to preserve military discipline should not protect the government from liability and punishment for serious violations of constitutional rights: The medical trials at Nuremberg in 1947 deeply impressed upon the world that experimentation with unknowing human subjects is morally and legally unacceptable. Wernher von Braun, who helped get us on the moon in 1969. There is always the risk that one part of the government may make the covert operations of another part of the government public. The flying discshaped vehicle was supposed toreach speeds of Mach 4;an altitude of 100,000 feet; and have a range of over 1,000 nautical miles. MKUltra was first brought to public attention in 1975 by the Church Committee of the United States Congress and Gerald Ford's United States President's Commission on CIA activities within the United States (also known as the Rockefeller Commission). [119], "MKULTRA" redirects here. Memos noted the flying saucers as a risk to national security for its mass psychological considerations. While Area 51 was not a top-secret base designed to study extraterrestrials, the U.S. Air Force did study the existence of UFOs. Reilly, Edward C. "Ken Kesey." Army officials managed to cover up the massacre for a year before an investigative journalist with the Associated Press (AP) brought the atrocity to the attention of the American people in November 1969. In the 1960s, the U.S. Army embarked on a secret mission to build a series of mobile nuclear missile launch sites under the Greenland ice sheet. Government military secrets can range from amusing to absurd to downright terrifying, but they are all extremely intriguing. Horrock, Nicholas M. (August 4, 1977). [2] The experiments used Chemical Corps personnel to test decontamination methods for biological and chemical weapons,[2] including sulfur mustard and nerve agents. It ends now. First, the bad news: we found that over 20 of the NID excerpts about Eastern Europe in the most recent CIA project had been previously released, some as early as 1999 and others in 2011 and 2013. The CIA exported experiments to Canada when they recruited British psychiatrist Donald Ewen Cameron, creator of the "psychic driving" concept, which the CIA found interesting. Dr. Wernher von Braun (center) describes the Saturn Launch System to President John F. Kennedy (right, pointing). [18], Perhaps the most disruptive incident involving counterintelligence was James Jesus Angleton's search for a mole,[19] based on the statements of a Soviet defector, Anatoliy Golitsyn. Several other proposals were included within Operation Northwoods, including real or simulated actions against various U.S. military and civilian targets. During its operational life, CORONA collected over 800,000 images in response to the national security requirements of the time. In light of news reports, an official inquiry was made into the events at My Lai and was concluded in March 1970. The Most Astonishing Declassified Military and CIA Secrets A Soviet soldier inside the 350 yard tunnel extending from the American Sector of Berlin into the Soviet Sector on April 26, 1956. [86], The Olson family disputes the official version of events. In the summer of 1975, congressional Church Committee reports and the presidential Rockefeller Commission report revealed to the public for the first time that the CIA and the Department of Defense had conducted experiments on both unwitting and cognizant human subjects as part of an extensive program to find out how to influence and control human behavior through the use of psychoactive drugs such as LSD and mescaline and other chemical, biological, and psychological means. Now declassified, CIA documents on the project reveal the incredible scope and challenges of the U-2's development that were carried out in secrecy. Dubbed Operation Crossroads, the test (Note 37) Many of these tests were conducted under the so-called MKULTRA program, established to counter perceived Soviet and Chinese advances in brainwashing techniques. Long-term debilitation and several deaths resulted from this. I think this is as serious as it gets," stated Anna Eshoo, Chairman, Subcommittee on Intelligence Community Management, U.S. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI). That group compiled more than 9,000 pages of documents detailing crimes by U.S. troops during the Vietnam War, many of which were declassified during the 1990s. Particularly, "between on or about June 5, 2013, and June 9, 2013, classified information was published on the internet and in print by multiple newspapers, including The Washington Post and The Guardian. At the announcement, Gore stated, Satellite coverage gave us the confidence to pursue arms control agreementsagreements that eventually led to dramatic decreases in the number of nuclear weapons and their delivery systems., Gore also noted that satellites, Recorded much more than the landscape of the Cold War. Several of these tests involved the administration of LSD to "unwitting subjects in social situations. The confidential documents, codenamed Vault 7, dated from 20132016, included details on the CIA's software capabilities, such as the ability to compromise cars, smart TVs,[81] and web browsers, including Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Firefox, and Opera,[82][83] as well as the operating systems of most smartphones including Apple's iOS and Google's Android, and other operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux. A second defector, Yuri Nosenko, challenged Golitsyn's claims, with the two calling one another Soviet double agents. Within a day the mosquitoes had bitten many people. Web. [62], MKUltra's researchers later dismissed LSD as too unpredictable in its results. [4] The fleas were loaded into two types of munitions and dropped from the air. [68], In July 2014 CIA Director John O. Brennan had to apologize to lawmakers because five CIA employees (two lawyers and three computer specialists) had surreptitiously searched Senate Intelligence Committee files and reviewed some committee staff members' e-mail on computers that were supposed to be exclusively for congressional investigators. [48] Some Members of Congress believe that these lies to Congress are similar to CIA lies to Congress from earlier periods. Frank Olson's family received $750,000 by a special act of Congress, and both President Ford and CIA director William Colby met with Olson's family to apologize publicly. Nov 10. A spokeswoman for Wikipedia said in response that the changes may violate the encyclopedia's conflict-of-interest guidelines. This resulted in the withdrawal of support by many academics and private researchers, and LSD research became less of a priority altogether. 3. Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, writing a separate dissent, stated: No judicially crafted rule should insulate from liability the involuntary and unknowing human experimentation alleged to have occurred in this case. Cameron was also a member of the Nuremberg medical tribunal in 19461947. [73] The Middle East Eye reported that two agents, Americans, who operated spy-rings within ISIS had resigned, because they "did not want to see the contacts who worked for them sacrificed due to incompetence and anti-Muslim prejudice from within Trump's inner circle." [77] These files dealt with the financing of MKUltra projects and contained few project details, but much more was learned from them than from the Inspector General's 1963 report. [12] The administration continued to allow rendition only "to a country with jurisdiction over that individual (for prosecution of that individual)" when there is a diplomatic assurance "that they will not be treated inhumanely. One of the most well-known secret research programs is the Manhattan Project, which eventually produced the world's first atomic bombs. Association received funding from the Air to study extraterrestrials, the U.S. Air Force did study the existence UFOs... Life, CORONA collected over 800,000 images in response to the public partially declassified U.S. Army of... One another Soviet double agents a secret and illegal human research program to investigate potential mind-control systems,! Conflict-Of-Interest guidelines '' soldiers in the room program was canceled in 1966 after shifting created... Declassified U.S. Army report in 1981 concerned with acquiring samples were included within Northwoods... 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By Watergate, CIA Director Richard Helms ordered all MKUltra files destroyed March.! Lsd as too unpredictable in its results within a day the mosquitoes had bitten many people later dismissed LSD declassified cia projects! 41 ], the CIA initiated Project MK-ULTRA, a secret and illegal research...