learning by counting each letter. = [ .. ], 3. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church had been administratively part of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria from the first half of the 4th century until 1959, when it was granted autocephaly with its own patriarch by Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria, Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church. Usually, there is no financial support for the students who must earn their living by begging and occasional works. However, in rural districts, parents generally discouraged the education of girls, since their function is to be housewives, and for this role no formal education is felt to be necessary. Online. = , 3. In these specialized branches the students learns the traditions of the Church, theology, Church history and laws, through the interpretation of the various individual writings. ( ) 1 - () = : 19 = The few handwritten manuscripts on parchments were, and still are, very expensive. Debesey/Exesabeque#Eritrea #Ethiopia #TigraiWay Zema/ : Dn Filmon Yebyo: Orthodox Tewahdo Mezmur 2021https://youtu.be/oEOuYUPqFi4Zemari Filmo Yebyo Zemari Bereket Tikue Zemarit Mari AlemZemarit Hermela YehishoDebesey/Exesabeque1. They are known as ararai, ezil and geeze. The story or legend of the saint whose feast is to be celebrated on the next day is then narrated; this comprises the theme of the Qene composition by the students, using the vocabulary and grammar already discussed at the session. He repeats this for months. It is estimated that the introduction of Christianity took place in Ethiopia around 300 A.D. (Literature school). Required fields are marked *, I'm not a robot * = ( ) - ., 3. He is credited for inventing the zema of the Church; the chant that has been in use continuously for the last almost 1500 years. In their present form the church schools evolved during the golden age of the Church from the 13th to the 16th centuries when the literature of the Church had reached its peak. However, in the urban centers and roadside towns the elementary church school, the Nebab Bet is flourishing as an institution to prepare pupils for Government schools, teaching young children literacy in Amharic. Traditionally writing is not taught, since this was not needed in everyday life, unlike reading which is necessary for daily prayers and participating in the church service. The schools have in this period confined their educational activities to glorifying the products of past centuries and conveying these to the coming generation. The advanced student of the Qne bet acting as assistant teacher is called zrafi, lit. . = , 30 . The training challenges the memory of the child rather than leading him to think. According to the Church Office there are about 15,000 churches in Ethiopia. Ethiopian liturgical chant, or Zema, is a form of Christian liturgical chant practiced by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The following illustration may make this clear. = , 8 . In the Qne bet the students focus on the theory and practice of the composition of qne. The prime function of the Nebab bet is to teach children to read religious books, practically all of which are in Geez. This step is important, so the pupil spends more time on it. C) Reading the Psalms After leaving the teacher each group moves apart and tries to comment on the text just as the teacher did, as much as possible word for word. It is accessible to students who have completed the nbab bet and, as a rule, the qddase bet. All depends on the availability of books. = . = , 16. The third branch is Liqawent, which presents studies and comments on the various writings of the Church Fathers, e.g. : : 1. = , 8 - ( ) = - ., 9 - ( ) = , 10 - = ( ) - ., 03. = ( ) = .. In the Christian highlands of Ethiopia, the Church constituted the main guardian of traditional culture and provided the only schools in the land for many centuries. [7] The Synaxarium of the Ethiopian Church attests that Ethiopian liturgical chants are faithful to Yared and divine in nature. . (Literature school) 1) The Nebab Bet The Nebab Bet, the Reading School or the "House of Reading" is the first stage of the traditional schools, where primary instruction is given. During the evening the student endeavours to find the proper music to fit the Qene model he is going to compose; since all Qene has to be sung, his Qene piece must be suited to a corresponding musical form. There is a large concentration of qualified priests (qes) and musicians (dbtra) in Washington, D.C. Ancient chanted liturgy with congregation participating with clapping, ululation and rhythmic movements has been retained from that era. () = , 1. Generally, the approach to reality is well mixed with mythical attitudes. Usually the child learns the whole set of letters in sequence by heart, so that in reality he may not be able to distinguish on letter from the other. 1) The Nebab Bet At this stage memorization is not felt as a burden by the student, because ever since his early days in the Nebab Bet he has developed his powers of memorization. = , 8 - () = - - . ( ) :: . Theoretically, priests and monks can also be characterized as Debtera, if they have completed studies in one of the higher schools. . . The usually strict demands of the teachers are accepted with out hesitation, because the wandering student has come to the school of his own free will and has willingly submitted himself to the authority of the teacher. [1] The related musical notation is known as melekket. The expressions are vividly illustrated with parables, analogies, proverbs, and popular wisdom. We may then be justified, with some reservation, in saying that at present the total Nebab bet enrolment might well be 300,000. The following is a typical example of a Metsehaf Bet lesson. 81 2 . Students come to the teacher in a group of three or four, all studying the same text. [2] The tradition began after the sixth century and is traditionally identified with Saint Yared. Zema means a pleasing sound, a song or a melody in Ge'ez,[1][3] the liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The tradition began after the sixth century and is traditionally identified with Saint Yared.Through history, the Ethiopian liturgical chants have undergone an evolution similar to that of European liturgical chants. These schools of commentaries are not to be found everywhere, but in large churches, Debre, and in monasteries, Geddam, where extensive libraries and famous teachers are to be found. The Qne bet ( house of the qne) is a stage of the traditional church education in the Ethiopian OrthodoxTwahdoChurch. Ethiopian liturgical chants were developed only after that. If the student has already read different books as described above, the student of the Psalms is not too difficult. () = - ., 10. . . Abinet Timhert bet Ethiopian Orthodox's Traditional School kibreQidusan Medhanealem EOTC 2.12K subscribers Subscribe 9 Share 634 views 2 years ago Show more Show. b) Quene Bet and (Poetry school) = , 5. , . house of zema [chant]) is a part of the system of traditional church education. Refresh. To help the child distinguish the different characteristics of the alphabet another table has been prepared. The educational system in Ethiopia has been profoundly molded by the past. Deggwa, Ethiopian antiphons, in particular are of much later origin, dating from the second half of the 16th century. = , 8. It follows upon the nbab bet, the zema bet, the qddase bet and precedes the mshaf bet. This is available for about ten cents in every market place in the country, so that the traditional parchment is disappearing. Here the student attempts to put the letters together in a chanting form and read them as a word. He should not, however, contradict or be critical of religious and other accepted values. What is the process of training and what is offered in the higher schools? 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The rest, including the teaching the traditions and service of the Church, is learned through daily experience in the parish itself. = , 25. Its graduates become cantors of Ethiopian Orthodox (Twado) Church. One could say that in the Qene School the content of learning covers practically all aspects of the values of the traditional social system in which the student lives. The teacher either approves and gives the student a new assignment or orders further practice on the same text. The web value rate of . ( ) = , 2. For this purpose scanty training suffices. Regional varieties may have become standardized over time, and more symbols and segments of music have become available for composers. 'house of zema [chant]') is a part of the system of traditional church education. Debesey/Exesabeque#Eritrea #Ethiopia #TigraiWay Zema/ : Dn Filmon Yebyo: Orthodox Tewahdo Mezmur 2021https://youtu.be/oEOuYUPqFi4Zemari Filmo Yebyo Zema. 19 - .. . 20 = (2) . 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