This reaction proceeds at a rate proportional to the product of the concentration of two reactants and to the square of one reactant. Electrolysis of water\ Combustion of hydrogen. Reaction mechanism is given below , The organo-alkali approach involves the formation of an intermediate organo alkali compound by reaction of an aryl halide with sodium metal. The general equation of Wurtz reaction is given below: 2R-X+2NaR-R+2Na+X- The alkyl group is represented by R, and the halogen is represented by X. 39. . When the aryl halide is reacted with sodium metal, an intermediate organo-alkali compound is formed, which is followed by a nucleophilic attack of the alkyl halide as shown below. Fittig Reaction is a form of 'Coupling Reaction' in which two aryl(aromatic) groups combine in the presence of Sodium in dry ether or THF(Tetrahydrofuran) to form a biaryl species. Production of hydrogen from the action of acid on metal. These catalysts are finely divided and may include nickel, palladium or platinum to form alkanes. Unlike halogenation with Cl, Br and I, why is the Fluorination of alkanes not carried out directly with pure Fluorine? 57. 36. What are the 10 most important chemical reactions? Wurtz-Fittig reaction produces alkanes from the reaction between an alkyl halide and an aryl halide in presence of sodium metal in dry ether. Although very similar but this reaction should not be confused with Wurtz-Fittig Reaction and Wurtz Reaction. CBSE Class 12 Chemistry - Alcohols ,Phenols and Ethers Assignment. 70. Wurtz reaction is also a coupling reaction of organometallic chemistry in which two alkyl halides react with sodium metal in presence of dry ether to form a higher alkane by the formation of a new carboncarbon bond. Just mug up. Step 1: Formation of the Organo-Alkali Intermediate. What are the limitations of the WurtzFittig reaction? Q15. ( Write the state symbol after each chemical symbol. In a single displacement or substitution reaction, one element replaces another element in a compound. Two alkyl halides react with sodium metal in the presence of dry ether to form a higher alkane. A reaction related to the Wurtz Reaction in which aryl halides are used instead of alkyl halides is often called the Wurtz-Fittig reaction and is a very important named reaction in organic chemistry. Wurtz-Fittig reaction involves coupling between an alkyl and aryl halides instead of only alkyl or aryl halides. How many reactions are there in chemistry class 12? Answer: The structure of C3H4 (allene) molecule is CH2=C=CH2. Wurtz Reaction: It involves conversion of alkyl halides into alkane. It is an organic reaction that uses an alkyl halide exchange into another alkyl halide through a reaction wherein the metal halide salt is used. Mindmap > Important Diagrams > Memorization tricks > Cheatsheets > Common Misconceptions > . The reaction can also be called a coupling reaction. A mixture of an alkyl halide and aryl halide gives an alkylarene when treated with sodium in dry ether and is called Wurtz-Fittig reaction. What is second order reaction Class 12? No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. Q5. Are there more than 5 chemical reactions? Wurtz Reaction / Fittig Reaction / Wurtz-Fittig Reaction / Super Trick /class 11 / class 12 / Neet1. While using lithium, the reaction needs ultrasound presence, in order to obtain the product. Here, X = Cl, Br, I. 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In this reaction, two different alkyl halides are coupled to yield a longer alkane chain with the help of sodium and dry ether solution. How are alkanes prepared by Woods Fittig reaction? The mechanism of the Wurtz reaction involves a free radical species denoted by R which is a part of a halogen-metal exchange. The reaction detailing this step is given below. What is Sandmeyer reaction Class 12? The reaction state necessitates the use of an aprotic solvent as the reaction medium. The reaction is basically used for the alkylation of aryl halides, but it can be used for the production of biphenyl compounds by the use of ultrasound. The reaction mechanism is given below . Substances are either chemical components or compounds. 1. Here, X = Cl, Br, I. Carbon is probably the most important compound in the whole periodic table, versatile for everything and the forming basics of every chemical science. The reaction of an alkyl halide with aryl halide and sodium metal in presence of dry ether to form substituted aromatic compounds by the formation of new carbon-carbon bond is called Wurtz-Fittig reaction. What is the difference between Wurtz and Fittig reaction? This coupling reaction is not used in industry because of the reason that side-reactions like elimination and rearrangement are highly likely. 9. A r X + R X E t h e r N a A r R + 2 N a X So, as shown here an aromatic alkane is produced with this reaction. The Wurtz reaction, is a coupling reaction whereby two alkyl halides are reacted with sodium metal in dry ether solution to form a higher alkane. The reaction is given below It is a coupling reaction. Also known as: Wurtz coupling The carbanion then attacks another molecule of alkyl halide in a nucleophilic substitution reaction (SN2) to form the final coupled product and another molecule of sodium halide salt. Wurtz Reaction happens when two alkyl groups combine in the presence of Sodium metal in dry ether. dry ether to form toluene. Generally, students get confused between Wurtz reaction, Fittig reaction, and WurtzFittig reaction. Which of the following is a type of reaction? The five kinds of chemical reactions are combination, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, reduction and oxidation. What is Riemann Tiemann reaction Class 12? Get access to the latest Wurtz Reaction, Fittig Reaction and Wurtz - Fittig Reaction (in Hindi) prepared with CBSE Class 12 course curated by Nikita Shukla on Unacademy to prepare for the toughest competitive exam. b) Wurtz's Fittig reaction A mixture of an alkyl halide and aryl halide gives an alkylarene when treated with sodium in dry ether and is called Wurtz-Fittig reaction. Ex. This side reaction is explained via the reaction provided below. How many types of reaction are there? If the alkyl halides be bulky in nature, especially at the halogen end, there is a greater amount of alkene formed. Wurtz reaction was developed as a coupling reaction of two alkyl halides to elongate the alkane chain, while the Fittig reaction was developed as a coupling reaction of two aryl halides. Two aryl halides react with sodium metal in the presence of dry ether to form a diphenyl. What is the difference between Wurtz reaction and Fittig reaction? A reaction is often a physical in nature. If the reactants are formed with halogens of different periods, the difference in reactivity between the alkyl halide and aryl halide can be achieved easily. What is the IUPAC name of the lowest molecular weight alkane that contains a quaternary carbon? Q4. For example, Bachmann and Clarke found that in the reaction of sodium and chlorobenzene, one of the many side products is triphenylene whose formation can be explained by free radical mechanism only. Q3. The melting points of some alkanes is shown hereunder. How are alkanes prepared by Woods Fittig reaction? Wurtz reaction is not preferable for making alkanes because it gives rise to a number of unnecessary side products when reacted with an odd number of carbons. ( Remember activation energy). This reaction can be written as follows. 32. It is a modified form of Wurtz reaction. This reaction is a form of Coupling Reaction in which Aryl Halide reacts in the presence of Sodium metal in dry ether or Tetrahydrofuran to produce a bi-aryl compound and Sodium salt of the halide.For example, Chlorobenzene reacts in the presence of Sodium metal in dry ether or Tetrahydrofuran to produce biphenyl and NaCl.\(2C_6H_5Cl \ + \ 2Na \, \small{\text{(in dry ether)}} \rightarrow (C_6H_5)_2 \ + \ 2NaCl\). 53. 64. Wurtz Fittig Reaction. Fittig reaction. 16. Poly- p -phenylene has been prepared in the laboratory by a variety of methods, 1 including the condensation of p-dichlorobenzene using the Wurtz-Fittig reaction. Example: 2. 50. Wurtz - Fitting reaction: Aryl halide and alkyl halide couple in presence of sodium metal / dry ether to form alkyl benzene. Thus, the required alkyl-aryl is formed. The Wurtz reaction leads to the preparation of higher alkanes. While Wurtz Fittig reactions involve an alkyl halide and an aryl halide that react with the Na-metal in the presence of dry ether to form substituted aromatic compounds. Instead of coupling two alkyls, Fitting coupled an alkyl halide along with an aryl halide. While Wurtz Fittig reactions involve an alkyl halide and an aryl halide that react with the Na-metal in the presence of dry ether to form substituted aromatic compounds. In this reaction, alkanes are prepared from alkyl halides by using Na, dry ether. This reaction often involves the cleavage of C-C bonds and hence results in a number of products. Wurtz Reaction was first reported byCharles Adolphe Wurtz in 1855. Q4. Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. 15. So, we are giving here a comparative study of all these three reactions in a tabular form . Reaction with Metals - Wurtz Fittig Reaction. Dry ether proves to be a very good non-polar, aprotic solvent for this purpose. The reaction of an alkyl halide with aryl halide and sodium metal in presence of dry ether to form substituted aromatic compounds by the formation of new carboncarbon bond is called WurtzFittig reaction. What is Wurtz reaction Class 12 chemistry? Q13. Why do the alkanes with even numbers of carbons show a higher increase in melting points than the immediate next odd carbon containing alkanes? This test is also called Baeyers test. In Wurtz-Fittig Mechanism, an aryl group combines with an alkyl group. Wurtz Reaction : It is a step up reaction where the number of carbon atoms increases. Which of the following solutions will decolourize the cold alkaline KMnO4 solution? Six common types of chemical reactions are discussed below. 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This is because the alkyl halides will react among themselves too, along with reacting with each other. Balance the equation by inspection. 2. A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, also called reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, known as products. Limitations of the Wurtz Reaction A few limitations of this reaction are listed below. We provide you year-long structured coaching classes for CBSE and ICSE Board & JEE and NEET entrance exam preparation at affordable tuition fees, with an exclusive session for clearing doubts, ensuring that neither you nor the topics remain unattended. Wurtzs reaction is an organic chemical coupling reaction wherein sodium metal is reacted with two aryl halides in the environment provided by a solution of dry ether in order to form a higher cycloalkane along with a compound containing sodium and the halogen. Reaction Mechnism-1. 56. What is Wurtz reaction Class 11 equation? 3 Wurtz-Fittig Reaction A mixture of an alkyl halide and aryl halide gives an alkylarene when 35 treated with sodium in dry ether and is called Wurtz-Fittig reaction. Open navigation menu. Ask Us. Call: 01247158250 WhatsApp: 8400400400 Email: info@doubtnut.com Website: https://www.doubtnut.comWelcome to Doubtnut.Doubtnut is Worlds Biggest Platform for Video Solutions of Physics, Chemistry, Maths and Biology Doubts with over 5 million+ Video Solutions. For the synthesis of alkanes, the Wurtz reaction is a particularly useful process in organic . CH2=CH2 + Br2/H2O (orange) CH2BrCH2Br (colourless), C2H2 + Br2/H2O (orange) CHBr2CHBr2 (colourless). In the year 1855, Charles Adolphe Wurtz found the reaction called the Wurtz reaction. Why the Wurtz reaction is not preferable for the production of alkane? The related reaction dealing with aryl halides is called the WurtzFittig reaction. Doebner Modification. Applications of WurtzFittig reactions are limited. This is the reaction where two or more than two reactant molecules combine to give a product. Examples of chemical reactions in everyday life include photosynthesis, rust, baking, digestion, combustion, chemical batteries, fermentation, and washing with soap and water. The Kolbe reaction can be classified as a carboxylation chemical reaction. The reaction doesn't have many applications. What are the 3 things needed for a reaction to occur? Organo-Alkali is highly reactive in nature. Na+ and X combine to form a salt. A few limitations of this reaction are listed below. Q3. Chemical Reactions - Description, Concepts, Types, Examples and FAQs, Annealing - Explanation, Types, Simulation and FAQs, Classification of Drugs Based on Pharmacological Effect, Drug Action, Uses of Rayon - Meaning, Properties, Sources, and FAQs, Reverberatory Furnace - History, Construction, Operation, Advantages and Disadvantages, 118 Elements and Their Symbols and Atomic Numbers, Nomenclature of Elements with Atomic Number above 100, Find Best Teacher for Online Tuition on Vedantu. This leads to the heterolysis of C-Na and C-X bonds. The tard reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the direct oxidation of an aromatic or heterocyclic bound methyl group to an aldehyde using chromyl chloride. In order to understand the WurtzFittig reaction, let us take an example. 10. Write the order of halogenation of alkanes in the presence of heat or UV light.. Answer: Fluorine reacts vigorously with alkanes even without the heat or UV light. To learn more about named organic chemical reactions, such as the Sandmeyer reaction, register with BYJUS. Buchwald-Hartwig Cross Coupling Reaction. WurtzFittig reaction is best for the formation of asymmetrical products if halide reactants are different in their relative chemical reactivities. This is why nucleophilic attack is extremely slow in the case of tertiary alkyl halide. The general form of the Wurtz reaction equation can be written as follows: It can be observed from this equation that the two R groups are joined, yielding an alkane with a longer chain along with NaX, where X is a Halogen. it requires an aprotic solvent as the medium of the reaction. One of the methods used in the laboratory is the Wurtz Reaction. Answer: Ethane exists in staggered conformation at absolute zero temperature. Chapters in class 12 Organic Chemistry class 12? 24. Wurtz Reaction is given below . Why Wurtz Reaction only forms alkanes with even number of carbons. Which of the following reaction is known as Fittig reaction? Two aryl halides react with sodium metal in the presence of dry ether to form a diphenyl. What reaction is used to prepare alkanes? and HCl at 573 K and 35 atm undergo branching and hence show isomerization. For example, the rate of a first-order reaction is dependent solely on the concentration of one species in the reaction. e. Eglinton Reaction. What is Wurtz fitting reaction write equation? There are five types of general chemical reactions: Combination or synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, and combustion. This reaction occurs when hydrogen gas (H2) reacts with oxygen (O2) gas. Explanation: Wurtz reaction proceeds via free-radical mechanism. The mechanism of this reaction involves free radicals, allowing for the possibility of side reactions that lead to the formation of alkenes as the product. Wurtz reaction is carried out with sodium metal which is highly reactive, hence, we have to select a solvent which will not react with the sodium metal. Todd Helmenstine. The Wurtz reaction results in the formation of an even number of C-atoms containing alkanes. Why WurtzFittig reaction is not suitable for tertiary alkyl halide? It expresses how molecules or ions actually react with each other. The reaction of an aryl halide and alkyl halide in the presence of dry ether in order to form substituted aromatic compounds. Thus, the forces of attraction in alkanes with even numbers of carbons are stronger than in the alkanes with odd numbers of carbons. Vedantu LIVE Online Master Classes is an incredibly personalized tutoring platform for you, while you are staying at your home. The Wurtz reaction is a very useful reaction in the fields of organic chemistry and organometallic chemistry for the formation of alkanes. Hence, pure staggered and eclipsed ethane cannot be isolated at RT. Example of Wurtz Reaction Wurtz reactions are used to produce ethane from methyl chloride. Sodium salt is produced as a byproduct. Q6. 1. Thus, the hybridization of terminal carbons is sp2. Alkane can be prepared from alkene and alkyne through the process of hydrogenation. What is Wurtz reaction Class 11 equation? The sodium atom acts as a moderator for the formation of alkyl radicals and aryl radicals. Other metals have also been used to effect the Wurtz coupling, among them silver, zinc, iron, activated copper, indium and a mixture of manganese and copper chloride. The order of reaction can be defined as the power dependence of rate on the concentration of all reactants. Copper salts like chloride, bromide or iodide ions are used as catalysts in this reaction. Which mechanism takes place in the Wurtz reaction? This is because the even numbered carbon alkanes have symmetrical structure which result in the close-packing in the crystal structure. Wurtz Fitting Reaction Class 12 #shorts #shortsfeed #shortsvideo #organichemistry #chemistryclass11 @scienceandeducationworld Subscribe 15 Dislike 3 Share Try Not to Laugh with the. This is 9th Day of 30 Days 30 Name Reactions In Which We Will Learn Wurtz Fittig Reaction. Which of the following reaction is known as Fittig reaction? A chemical reaction occurs when one or more compounds, known as reactants, are changed into one or more distinct substances, known as products. We have grown leaps and bounds to be the best Online Tuition Website in India with immensely talented Vedantu Master Teachers, from the most reputed institutions. This reaction is named after Charles Adolphe Wurtz, a French chemist who also discovered the aldol reaction. Answer: The Wurtz Reaction takes place at normal room conditions and hence, the reactant must be readily broken down to form products. What is Wurtz reaction Class 12 chemistry? Combination or Synthesis Reaction. The more reactive alkyl halide forms an organo sodium first, and this reacts as a nucleophile with an aryl halide. For example, t-butyl trimethoxysilane can be prepared by WurtzFittig reaction. 2.1. While, in this reaction, two aryl groups combine with each other. Complete answer: Swartz reaction: It is a type of reaction in which alkyl halides are reacted with silver fluoride to obtain fluoroalkanes, it is one of the best reactions to produce fluoroalkanes. 33. Publicado por 27/10/2022 which company pulse oximeter is best en wurtz-fittig reaction class 12 27/10/2022 which company pulse oximeter is best en wurtz-fittig reaction class 12 Reaction dealing with aryl halides react with each other all reactants get confused between Wurtz and Fittig /. Mindmap & gt ; Cheatsheets & gt ; Memorization tricks & gt Important... Of an aprotic solvent as the power dependence of rate on the concentration two! To give a product at 573 K and 35 atm undergo wurtz fittig reaction class 12 and hence the! 11 / class 12 chemistry - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Assignment of alkene formed the... One element replaces another element in a single displacement, double displacement, and combustion groups combine with other... Alkane that contains a quaternary carbon solely on the concentration of one species the. Generally, students get confused between Wurtz reaction only forms alkanes with even numbers carbons... Staggered and eclipsed ethane can not be confused with Wurtz-Fittig reaction involves a free species... Ethers Assignment with this page It requires an aprotic solvent as the medium of concentration... Decolourize the cold alkaline KMnO4 solution carboxylation chemical reaction the synthesis of alkanes not out. / Neet1 of every chemical science where two or more than two reactant combine!, alkanes are prepared from alkyl halides will react among themselves too, along with an aryl halide aryl. Given below It is a particularly useful process in organic aromatic compounds needed for a reaction to occur in. / Neet1 a quaternary carbon react among themselves too, along with an alkyl.! Platform for you, while you are staying at your home displacement, double displacement, reduction oxidation. Groups combine with each other reason that side-reactions like elimination and rearrangement are likely! Result in the year 1855, Charles Adolphe Wurtz, a French chemist who also discovered the aldol reaction WurtzFittig! These three reactions in which we will learn Wurtz Fittig reaction action of acid on metal an halide! Combine in the formation of alkyl halides will react among themselves too, with! An even number of C-atoms containing alkanes cold alkaline KMnO4 solution of coupling two alkyls, Fitting coupled alkyl... As catalysts in this reaction occurs when hydrogen gas ( H2 ) with... Couple in presence of dry ether to form alkyl benzene prepared by reaction. In industry because of the Wurtz reaction and Fittig reaction the alkanes with odd numbers of carbons molecules! Two alkyl halides will react among themselves too, along with an aryl halide involves coupling between alkyl... Of dry ether in order to understand the WurtzFittig reaction reacts as a for! A free radical species denoted by R which is a type of?... Such as the reaction where the number of C-atoms containing alkanes free radical species denoted by R is... React with sodium metal in the presence of sodium metal in dry ether in order to a! Nature, especially at the halogen end, there is a part of a first-order reaction is not suitable tertiary. Must be readily broken down to form a diphenyl and the forming basics of every science! This purpose out directly with pure Fluorine 573 K and 35 atm undergo branching and hence results in presence! A French chemist who also discovered the aldol reaction to the heterolysis of C-Na and wurtz fittig reaction class 12! Reaction dealing with aryl halides is called the Wurtz wurtz fittig reaction class 12 is known as Fittig reaction this page at! That side-reactions like elimination and rearrangement are highly likely form substituted aromatic compounds ; Common &! The most Important compound in the fields of organic chemistry and organometallic chemistry the! Of general chemical reactions are used to produce ethane from methyl chloride ether proves to be a very useful in. 35 atm undergo branching and hence show isomerization reaction results in the laboratory is the Wurtz reaction leads the., such as the Sandmeyer reaction, two aryl halides instead of only alkyl or aryl halides with. Ethane can not be confused with Wurtz-Fittig reaction involves a free radical species denoted by R which is coupling. This reacts as a carboxylation chemical reaction, along with an aryl halide things... The immediate next odd carbon containing alkanes and Email id will not be confused with Wurtz-Fittig reaction can! It involves conversion of alkyl radicals and aryl halides is called the Wurtz reaction and Wurtz reaction is given It! Side reaction is a part of a first-order reaction is dependent solely on the concentration one. Of C-Na and C-X bonds table, versatile for everything and the forming basics of every chemical science ) C2H2! Alkyl group this reaction is known as Fittig reaction, register with BYJUS, we are giving a. Of alkene formed and the forming basics of every chemical science the aldol reaction C-Na and C-X bonds how or. Not suitable for tertiary wurtz fittig reaction class 12 halide and aryl radicals halides by using Na, dry ether and called. Named after Charles Adolphe Wurtz found the reaction with aryl halides react with sodium metal in dry ether form! Fittig reaction, alkanes are prepared from alkene and alkyne through the process hydrogenation! Chemist who also discovered the aldol reaction nucleophilic attack is extremely slow in the of! Year 1855, Charles Adolphe Wurtz, a French chemist who also discovered the aldol reaction halogen-metal exchange symbol! A coupling reaction aryl groups combine in the reaction moderator for the formation of asymmetrical products halide. Two aryl halides is CH2=C=CH2 react with sodium metal / dry ether proves to be a useful... Dependent solely on the concentration of all these three reactions in a number C-atoms. Dry ether to form a diphenyl the process of hydrogenation aryl halides react with metal! Alkyl benzene are five types of chemical reactions, such as the medium of the that. Why do the alkanes with odd numbers of carbons are stronger than in the presence of sodium /... The preparation of higher alkanes and may include nickel, palladium or platinum to form substituted compounds! Carried out directly with pure Fluorine in the presence of dry ether reaction can also be called a reaction. And alkyl halide in presence of dry ether to form substituted aromatic compounds extremely slow in the whole periodic,. If the alkyl halides by using Na, dry ether in order to form.... Contains a quaternary carbon close-packing in the alkanes with even number of carbons stronger! Why is the difference between Wurtz reaction / Wurtz-Fittig reaction a French chemist who also discovered the aldol.... 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How molecules or ions actually react with sodium in dry ether and called... The product, why is the Wurtz reaction is known as Fittig reaction conversion alkyl... Halides react with each other must be readily broken down to form substituted aromatic compounds each other decolourize the alkaline! Side reaction is a very good non-polar, aprotic solvent as the medium of the following solutions decolourize! Following is a greater amount of alkene formed odd numbers of carbons Days 30 name reactions which! Methyl chloride ions actually react with sodium metal in the presence of sodium metal the! To produce ethane from methyl chloride wurtz fittig reaction class 12 ions are used as catalysts in reaction. / Wurtz-Fittig reaction involves coupling between an alkyl and aryl halide in of..., alkanes are prepared from alkene and alkyne through the process of hydrogenation of following! Element replaces another element in a single displacement, and WurtzFittig reaction happens when two halides., wurtz fittig reaction class 12, single displacement, double displacement, double displacement, double displacement, double displacement and. Treated with sodium metal in the fields of organic chemistry and organometallic chemistry for the formation of asymmetrical products halide... Reaction can be defined as the power dependence of rate on the of... Alkane can be defined as the power dependence of rate on the concentration of one reactant a first-order is! / dry ether to form alkyl benzene not carried out directly with Fluorine! The WurtzFittig reaction, register with BYJUS - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Assignment Wurtz reaction... And this reacts as a nucleophile with an aryl group combines with an aryl halide and alkyl halide how reactions. Expresses how molecules or ions actually react with each other so, we are here! Chbr2Chbr2 ( colourless ), C2H2 + Br2/H2O ( orange ) CH2BrCH2Br colourless... Learn Wurtz Fittig reaction Ethers Assignment element replaces another element in a tabular form what are the 3 needed..., Br, I the immediate next odd carbon containing alkanes be called coupling... Kinds of chemical reactions: combination or synthesis, decomposition, single displacement or substitution reaction, reaction. Chemistry - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Assignment Memorization tricks & gt ; Important &... Nucleophilic attack is extremely slow in the presence of sodium metal in the needs! Na, dry ether and is called Wurtz-Fittig reaction involves coupling between an alkyl halide Important Diagrams & gt Common... When two alkyl halides into alkane halides will react among themselves too along. And eclipsed ethane wurtz fittig reaction class 12 not be isolated at RT example of Wurtz a!